Ecosystems monitoring and research are conducted on freshwater, terrestrial, and marine ecosystems and fish and wildlife within them. Federal and state natural resource managers use U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientific information to protect, restore and enhance our natural resources, and ensure that healthy ecosystems, and the services they provide, will be here for generations to come.

• Environments - Terrestrial, Freshwater, and Marine
• Fisheries
• Invasive Species
• Vegetation Characterization
• Wildlife

Energy and Minerals assessments and research are conducted on the location, quantity, and quality of mineral and energy resources, including the economic and environmental effects of resource extraction and use.

• Coal
• Minerals
• Oil and Gas
• Other Energy

Geospatial data are the foundation of GIS analysis, information and research. The USGS collects and maintains a wide array of geospatially referenced earth and natural science data, information and products that are publicly available.

• Federal Geographic Data Committee
• Geologic Mapping
• Geospatial Research
• Land Cover
• Lidar
• Satellite Images
• Topographic Mapping
• The National Atlas
• The National Map National Datasets

The USGS works with many partners to monitor, assess, and conduct targeted research on a wide range of natural hazards so that policymakers and the public have the understanding they need for preparedness, response and resilience. Natural hazards in the USGS portfolio include but are not limited to the events presented here.

• Drought
• Earthquakes
• Floods
• Landslides
• Volcanoes
• Wildfires

Society depends on fresh and reliable water supplies, as do diverse and fragile ecosystems. To understand the Nation's water resources, the USGS collects hydrologic and water-quality information and provides access to water data, publications, and maps, as well as recent water projects and events.

• Groundwater Information
• Surface Water Information
• Water Data Discovery
• Water Quality Information
• Water Use