Accounting for natural capital: building the numbers to track and sustain the nation’s natural resources Active
Accounting for ecosystem services - the benefits that nature provides to society and the economy - is gaining increasing traction worldwide as governments and the private sector use them to monitor integrated environmental and economic trends. When they are well understood and managed, ecosystems can provide these long-term benefits to people - such as clean air and water, flood control, crop pollination, and recreational, cultural, and aesthetic benefits.
Natural capital accounting - a tool being used in dozens of countries globally and by the private sector - tracks changes in ecosystem services and directly ties these changes to costs and benefits across different economic sectors. Yet, the compilation of a data, modeling, and valuation infrastructure to support natural capital accounting in the U.S. has not previously been undertaken. A working group supported by the USGS Powell Center, National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center, and NASA is compiling existing natural capital accounts-relevant data nationwide, generating new data using biophysical models, and linking and quantifying environmental-economic trends over time for land, water, ecosystems, and other critical natural resources.
Our approach aims to provide a rigorous and replicable assessment process to support natural resource management for Federal agencies and the private sector. We are also working to identify uncertainties, data and methodological gaps, and next steps needed to advance natural capital accounting science and policy applications in the U.S. and beyond.
Data and model repositories
The data and models generated as part of this project are available in multiple formats accessible to both technical and nontechnical users.
This repository contains ecosystem services models designed to support the U.S. natural capital accounts. Models can be run by technical users experienced with the Python programming language. Initial models focus on urban ecosystem services, specifically heat mitigation and rainfall interception. Crop pollination models will be added in Summer 2019.
When available, nontechnical users will be able to access national-scale data using the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s EnviroAtlas.
Data and models will also be coded within the Artificial Intelligence for Ecosystem Services (ARIES) modeling framework. This makes them accessible for nontechnical users using the ARIES Explorer and to technical users using the ARIES Modeler.
Collaboration
This project has been supported by the U.S. Geological Survey’s John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis, the National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center (SESYNC) , and NASA’s Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting program.
The project spans collaborations across the U.S. government, including USGS, the Bureau of Economic Analysis, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, USDA Forest Service, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and U.S. Department of State, as well as collaborators from universities, nonprofits, the private accounting sector, and the World Bank. We are also testing our methods for international use in collaboration with Statistics Canada, the European Union-Joint Research Centre, the United Nations Statistics Division, and the Group on Earth Observations’ Earth Observation for Ecosystem Accounting (EO4EA) initiative.
Below are data or web applications associated with this project.
Data release for Accounting for Land in the United States: Integrating Physical Land Cover, Land Use, and Monetary Valuation
Data release for Integrating physical and economic data into experimental water accounts for the United States: lessons and opportunities
Below are publications associated with this project.
Piloting urban ecosystem accounting for the United States
Accounting for land in the United States: Integrating physical land cover, land use, and monetary valuation
Integrating physical and economic data into experimental water accounts for the United States: Lessons and opportunities
Testing ecosystem accounting in the United States: A case study for the Southeast
The natural capital accounting opportunity: Let's really do the numbers
- Overview
Accounting for ecosystem services - the benefits that nature provides to society and the economy - is gaining increasing traction worldwide as governments and the private sector use them to monitor integrated environmental and economic trends. When they are well understood and managed, ecosystems can provide these long-term benefits to people - such as clean air and water, flood control, crop pollination, and recreational, cultural, and aesthetic benefits.
Natural capital accounting - a tool being used in dozens of countries globally and by the private sector - tracks changes in ecosystem services and directly ties these changes to costs and benefits across different economic sectors. Yet, the compilation of a data, modeling, and valuation infrastructure to support natural capital accounting in the U.S. has not previously been undertaken. A working group supported by the USGS Powell Center, National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center, and NASA is compiling existing natural capital accounts-relevant data nationwide, generating new data using biophysical models, and linking and quantifying environmental-economic trends over time for land, water, ecosystems, and other critical natural resources.
Our approach aims to provide a rigorous and replicable assessment process to support natural resource management for Federal agencies and the private sector. We are also working to identify uncertainties, data and methodological gaps, and next steps needed to advance natural capital accounting science and policy applications in the U.S. and beyond.
Data and model repositories
The data and models generated as part of this project are available in multiple formats accessible to both technical and nontechnical users.
This repository contains ecosystem services models designed to support the U.S. natural capital accounts. Models can be run by technical users experienced with the Python programming language. Initial models focus on urban ecosystem services, specifically heat mitigation and rainfall interception. Crop pollination models will be added in Summer 2019.
When available, nontechnical users will be able to access national-scale data using the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s EnviroAtlas.
Data and models will also be coded within the Artificial Intelligence for Ecosystem Services (ARIES) modeling framework. This makes them accessible for nontechnical users using the ARIES Explorer and to technical users using the ARIES Modeler.
Collaboration
This project has been supported by the U.S. Geological Survey’s John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis, the National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center (SESYNC) , and NASA’s Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting program.
The project spans collaborations across the U.S. government, including USGS, the Bureau of Economic Analysis, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, USDA Forest Service, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and U.S. Department of State, as well as collaborators from universities, nonprofits, the private accounting sector, and the World Bank. We are also testing our methods for international use in collaboration with Statistics Canada, the European Union-Joint Research Centre, the United Nations Statistics Division, and the Group on Earth Observations’ Earth Observation for Ecosystem Accounting (EO4EA) initiative.
- Data
Below are data or web applications associated with this project.
Data release for Accounting for Land in the United States: Integrating Physical Land Cover, Land Use, and Monetary Valuation
Land plays a critical role in both economic and environmental accounting. As an asset, it occupies a unique position at the intersection of the System of National Accounts (SNA), the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting Central Framework (SEEA-CF), and (as a spatial unit) SEEA Experimental Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA-EEA), making land a natural starting point for developing natural capital aData release for Integrating physical and economic data into experimental water accounts for the United States: lessons and opportunities
Water provides society with economic benefits that increasingly involve tradeoffs, making accounting for water quality, quantity, and their corresponding economic productivity more relevant in our interconnected world. In the past, physical and economic data about water have been fragmented, but integration is becoming more widely adopted internationally through application of the System of Enviro - Publications
Below are publications associated with this project.
Piloting urban ecosystem accounting for the United States
In this study, we develop urban ecosystem accounts in the U.S., using the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting Experimental Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA EEA) framework. Most ecosystem accounts focus on regional and national scales, which are appropriate for many ecosystem services. However, ecosystems provide substantial services in cities, improving quality of life and contributing to resiliAuthorsMehdi Heris, Kenneth J. Bagstad, Charles Rhodes, Austin Troy, Ariane Middel, Kristina G. Hopkins, John MatuszakAccounting for land in the United States: Integrating physical land cover, land use, and monetary valuation
Land plays a critical role in both economic and environmental accounting. As an asset, it occupies a unique position at the intersection of the System of National Accounts (SNA), the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting Central Framework (SEEA-CF), and (as a spatial unit) SEEA Experimental Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA-EEA), making land a natural starting point for developing natural capital aAuthorsScott A. Wentland, Zachary H. Ancona, Kenneth J. Bagstad, James W. Boyd, Julie L. Hass, Marina Gindelsky, Jeremy G. MoultonIntegrating physical and economic data into experimental water accounts for the United States: Lessons and opportunities
Water management increasingly involves tradeoffs, making its accounting highly relevant in our interconnected world. Physical and economic data about water in many nations are becoming more widely integrated through application of the System of Environmental-Economic Accounts for Water (SEEA-Water), which enables the tracking of linkages between water and the economy. We present the first nationalAuthorsKenneth J. Bagstad, Zachary H. Ancona, Julie L. Hass, Pierre D. Glynn, Scott Wentland, Michael Vardon, John P. FayTesting ecosystem accounting in the United States: A case study for the Southeast
Ecosystem accounts, as formalized by the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting Experimental Ecosystem Accounts (SEEA EEA), have been compiled in a number of countries, yet there have been few attempts to develop them for the U.S. We explore the potential for U.S. ecosystem accounting by compiling ecosystem extent, condition, and ecosystem services supply and use accounts for a ten-state regAuthorsKatie Warnell, Marc J. Russell, Charles Rhodes, Kenneth J. Bagstad, Lydia P Olander, David J. Nowak, Rajendra Poudel, Pierre D. Glynn, Julie L. Hass, Satoshi Hiribayashi, Jane Carter Ingram, John Matuszak, Kirsten L. L. Oleson, Stephen M. Posner, Ferdinando VillaThe natural capital accounting opportunity: Let's really do the numbers
The nation’s economic accounts provide objective, regular, and standardized information routinely relied upon by public and private decision makers. But they are incomplete. The U.S. and many other nations currently do not account for the natural capital — such as the wildlife, forests, grasslands, soils, and water bodies—upon which all other economic activity rests. By creating formal natural caAuthorsJames W. Boyd, Kenneth J. Bagstad, Jane Carter Ingram, Carl D. Shapiro, Jeffery Adkins, C. Frank Casey, Clifford S. Duke, Pierre D. Glynn, Erica Goldman, Monica Grasso, Julie L. Hass, Justin A. Johnson, Glenn-Marie Lange, John Matuszak, Ann Miller, Kirsten L. L. Oleson, Stephen M. Posner, Charles Rhodes, Francois Soulard, Michael Vardon, Ferdinando Villa, Brian Voigt, Scott Wentland