Important questions about beach closures and management remain unanswered in the Great Lakes where over 500 beaches are routinely used along the nearly 11,000 miles of coastline. The economies of coastal areas are dependent on public confidence in the quality of water at the shoreline, and beach managers need reliable science-based information to make beach closure and beach management decisions. Scientists in USGS Science Centers in the Great Lakes are leading or involved in much of the research on cost effective ways to make beach closure decisions as well as on a more complete understanding of microbiological science relevant to making effective beach management decisions.