Publications

Detailed ground-water-use information from 1880 to 1980 has been collected and analyzed for the Twin Cities metropolitan area. Interpretation of historic water-use data was required to help water-resource planners and managers assess future trends in water use. Data were also needed for three computer-simulation models of ground-water flow being developed in the Twin Cities area. Methods were deve

The principal surficial aquifers in southwest Minnesota consist of outwash and alluvium material deposited in river valleys. The largest and most productive of these aquifers occupy the valleys of the Cottonwood, Des Moines, Redwood, and Rock Rivers and of tributaries to the Big Sioux River. Minor aquifers, adequate only for farm or domestic use, occur in the valleys of tributaries to the major st

A sand and gravel aquifer of glacial origin underlies Wurtsmith Air Force Base in northeastern lower Michigan. The aquifer overlies a thick clay layer at an average depth of 65 feet. The water table is about 10 feet below land surface in the western part of the Base and about 25 feet below land surface in the eastern part. A ground-water divide cuts diagonally across the Base from northwest to sou

Quality of water in the St. Peter aquifer is generally acceptable for most uses. Sulfate concentrations increase toward the southwestern part of the aquifer because of highly mineralized leakage from overlying Cretaceous deposits. Concentrations of sodium, magnesium, and sulfate generally increase to the west, and those of calcium, bicarbonate, and chloride generally increase toward the margins of

Quality of water in the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer is generally good, except for some localized contamination, Coal-tar derivatives that contaminate the aquifer in St. Louis Park, a western suburb in the Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, pose the most serious threat to water quality. High hardness and iron concentration limit suitability for municipal and industrial use in parts of extreme south

The Mount Simon-Hinckley aquifer in southeast Minnesota consists of a thick sequence of sandstone that generally yields large quantities of good-quality water to wells. The aquifer is most important as a source of water supply in the Twin Cities area, where it supplies approximately 10 percent of the ground water used. It is the uppermost bedrock aquifer and, locally, the principal source of domes

The Upper Carbonate aquifer is part of a sequence of sedimentary bedrock units deposited in Paleozoic seas that occupied a depression known as the Hollandale embayment. The aquifer is comprised of four formations, which, in ascending order, are the Galena Dolomite, Dubuque Formation, Maquoketa Shale, and Cedar Valley Limestone. Total thickness of the aquifer is as much as 650 feet. Yields from wel

Water resources data for the 1982 water year for Michigan consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water temperature of ground water. This report contains discharge records for 169 gaging stations; stage only records for 4 gaging stations; stage and contents for 5 lakes and reservoirs; wat

A study of runoff to selected lakes was done in the Twin Cities metropolitan area from July 1981 to December 1982. The purpose of the study was to determine differences in nutrient-loading characteristics for lakes with and without wetlands and settling ponds. The study also quantified nutrient loading to lakes on a storm, seasonal, and annual basis, complementing an inlake water-quality study of

This report summarizes the amounts and distribution of the pumpage of ground water for public supplies from four aquifers in Wisconsin. The data are for 1979 and reflect the pumpage from about 1,100 wells in 485 communities. The distribution and amount of pumpage is estimated to be similar for subsequent years. Of the water pumped for public supplies, 95 percent comes from two major aquifers--the

Streamflow and suspended-sediment-transport data were collected in Garvin Brook watershed in Winona County, southeastern Minnesota, during 1982. The data collection was part of a study to determine the effectiveness of agricultural best-management practices designed to improve rural water quality. The study is part of a Rural Clean Water Program demonstration project undertaken by the U.S. Departm

Water levels, locations, depths, and aquifers tapped are given for 117 observation wells. Tabulated data include extremes of water levels for 1982 and for the period of record, pumpage of most major ground-water users in the State, and quality data on selected wells. The largest reported user of ground-water, the city of Lansing, pumped 8.2 billion gallons from the Saginaw Formation and glacial de