Natural Hazards

A large, widely damaging earthquake will occur on the Hayward fault in the future. That much we know.
What we don't know is when.

Note: Some of the explanations below are speculative and should not be relied upon for decision-making. Please see the reference articles (below) for published results.

Seismic waves have two main types of effects on groundwater levels: oscillations, and "permanent" offsets. Muddy or turbid water at long distances from...

Earthquake magnitude, energy release, and shaking intensity are all related measurements of an earthquake that are often confused with one another. Their dependencies and relationships can be complicated, and even one of these concepts alone can be confusing.

Here we'll look at each of these, as well as their interconnectedness and dependencies.