Puerto Rico Natural Hazards: Hurricanes | Peligros naturales de Puerto Rico: Huracanes Active
GEOS-13 Image of Hurricane Maria and Tropical Storm Jose
Imagen del huracán María y de la tormenta tropical José de GEOS-13
Hurricane Damage to Coral Reefs Increases Future Flood Risk
El daño a los arrecifes de coral causados por huracanes aumentan el riesgo de inundaciones futuras
Landslides triggered by Hurricane María
Deslizamientos de tierra causados por el Huracán María
Monitoring Storm Tide, Flooding, and Precipitation from Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico
Monitoreo de marea de tormentas, inundaciones y precipitaciones debido al huracán María en Puerto Rico
Hurricanes are one of the most frequent natural hazards that Caribbean islands are prone to encounter. The frequency of storms and their intensity could increase with climate change. This page contains a variety of USGS research on hurricane impacts to Puerto Rico, dating back to 1989, when Hurricane Hugo impacted the island. Research topics include storm-induced landslides, as well as impacts on coral reefs, coastal flooding, water resources, and ecosystems. Explore the publications, data releases, and news highlights related to hurricane hazards in Puerto Rico in the corresponding tabs.
Los huracanes son uno de los peligros naturales más frecuentes en las islas del Caribe. Con el cambio climático, podría aumentar la frecuencia de las tormentas y su intensidad. Esta página contiene algunas de las investigaciones que realizó el USGS sobre los efectos de huracanes en Puerto Rico que se remontan a 1989, cuando el huracán Hugo azotó la isla. Entre los temas de investigación, están los deslizamientos de tierra provocados por tormentas, el impacto en los arrecifes de coral, las inundaciones costeras, el impacto en los recursos hídricos y en los ecosistemas. Explore las publicaciones, las cesiones de datos y las noticias destacadas relacionadas con las amenazas de los huracanes en Puerto Rico en esta página.
Hurricane Maria | Huracán María
In September 2017, Hurricane Maria made landfall in the Caribbean as a category 4 storm. Based on a Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) 2018 report (FEMA P-2020, 2018), it caused $90 billion in damages, mostly in Puerto Rico. Hurricane Maria was the third costliest hurricane ever recorded in the United States. In Puerto Rico, more than fifty thousand houses were reported as visually affected or destroyed by the hurricane. Critical infrastructures were damaged and interrupted for months, including the water supply, electric network, telecommunications, transportation, roads, and healthcare. The image below shows the tracks of Hurricane Maria. USGS scientists have investigated the aftermath of hurricane Maria and other hurricanes such as Hugo (1989), Georges (1998), and Irma (2017). Learn more about these projects in the sections below.
En septiembre de 2017, el huracán María azotó el Caribe como una tormenta de categoría 4. En base al informe de 2018 de la Agencia Federal para el Manejo de Emergencia (FEMA P-2020, 2018), provocó daños por 90,000 millones de dólares, principalmente en Puerto Rico. El huracán María fue el tercer huracán más costoso registrado en los Estados Unidos. En Puerto Rico, se reportaron más de 50 mil casas que fueron destruidas o afectadas por el huracán. Luego del huracán, la infraestructura crítica se vio dañada o interrumpida por meses, incluyendo el suministro de agua, la red energética, las telecomunicaciones, el transporte, los caminos y la atención sanitaria. La próxima imagen muestra la trayectoria del huracán María. Los científicos del USGS han investigado las consecuencias de éste y otros huracanes como Hugo (1989), Georges (1998) e Irma (2017). Conozca más de estos proyectos en las secciones que están a continuación.
Hurricane Maria Landslides | Los deslizamientos de tierra causados por el Huracán María
Hurricane Maria triggered over seventy thousand landslides in Puerto Rico, affecting critical infrastructure across the island, disrupting roads and dislodging houses from their foundations. An interactive landslide susceptibility map for Puerto Rico can be accessed here. USGS collaborated with federal and academic partners to produce materials describing landslide risk to better support residents and facilitate information dissemination to emergency managers. A landslide guide was created in Spanish and English that can be accessed via the Puerto Rico Landslide Hazard Mitigation Project page.
Learn more about landslide hazard assessment and risk communication following Hurricane Maria.
El huracán María desencadenó más de 70,000 deslizamientos de tierra en Puerto Rico, los que afectaron la infraestructura crítica en toda la isla, interrumpiendo las vías de trasportación y desplazando casas de sus cimientos. Se puede acceder al mapa interactivo de susceptibilidad a los deslizamientos de tierra para Puerto Rico aquí. El USGS colaboró con socios federales y académicos para proporcionar materiales que describan el riesgo de deslizamiento de tierra para asistir mejor a los residentes y facilitar la divulgación de información entre los manejadores de emergencias. Se creó una guía sobre los deslizamientos de tierra en español y en inglés que se encuentra en la página del Proyecto para la Mitigación de Riesgos por Deslizamiento de Tierra.
Obtenga más información sobre la evaluación del riesgos por deslizamiento de tierra y la comunicación de riesgos después del huracan María.
Storm Surges and Floods | Las marejadas y las inundaciones
USGS collaborated with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) in installing temporary stations with water-level and barometric pressure sensors prior to Hurricane Maria to measure coastal and riverine high-water marks throughout Puerto Rico during the storm. In addition to the temporary sensors, USGS has a network of 99 permanent real-time stream gages and 36 real-time precipitation stations in Puerto Rico. Access the report about the effects of Hurricane Maria, developed to assess flooding, storm tides, and precipitation.
El USGS colaboró con la Agencia Federal para el Manejo de Emergencia (FEMA por sus siglas en inglés) en la instalación de estaciones temporales de instrumentos que miden el nivel de agua y la presión barométrica antes del huracán María a fin de medir las marcas de la marea alta fluvial y costera en Puerto Rico durante la tormenta. Además de los sensores temporeros, el USGS tiene una red de 99 medidores permanentes de caudal en tiempo real y 36 estaciones de precipitación en tiempo real, en Puerto Rico. Acceda el informe de los efectos del huracán María para evaluar los desbordamientos, las marejadas y las precipitaciones.
Coastal Flood Risk Increase Due to Hurricane-Induced Coral Reef Damage | El aumento del riesgo de inundación costera debido a los daños en los arrecifes de coral provocados por huracanes
Hurricanes Irma and Maria caused a significant increase in risk of future coastal flooding due to coral reef damages. The fringing coral reefs surrounding the coastline of Puerto Rico are the first line of flood defense from coastal hazards. The repercussions of reef damage in Puerto Rico were assessed with high resolution hydrodynamic and socioeconomic models. In Puerto Rico, it was estimated that the cost of future flood damages could increase due to reef damage by $178 million annually (visit report). However, reef restoration could potentially avert over $40 million in economic damages per year (visit report).
Los huracanes Irma y María causaron un aumento importante en el riesgo de inundaciones costeras futuras debido a los daños de los arrecifes de coral, que son la primera línea de defensa contra los riesgos costeros. Las repercusiones de los daños de los arrecifes de coral en Puerto Rico fueron evaluadas con modelos socioeconómicos e hidrodinámicos de alta resolución. En Puerto Rico, se estimó que el costo de los daños de inundaciones futuras debido a daños en los arrecifes de coral podría aumentar 178 millones de dólares por año (consulte el informe). Sin embargo, la restauración de los arrecifes podría evitar más de 40 millones de dólares en daños económicos por año (consulte el informe).
Learn more about USGS Puerto Rico hazards research and tools. | Obtenga más información sobre las herramientas e investigaciones del USGS acerca de riesgos en Puerto Rico.
Science
The USGS has investigated hurricane impacts in Puerto Rico across various research topics, including hurricane-induced landslides, and the hurricane effects impacts on coral reefs, coastal flooding, water resources, and ecosystems. Explore the links below to learn more.
Ciencias
El USGS ha investigado los efectos de los huracanes en Puerto Rico en diferentes temas, como los deslizamientos de tierra, los arrecifes de coral, las inundaciones costeras, los recursos hídricos y los ecosistemas. Explore los enlaces que están a continuación para conocer más sobre las consecuencias de huracanes.
Puerto Rico Natural Hazards | Peligros naturales de Puerto Rico
Explore data releases about hurricanes in Puerto Rico.
Explore las cesiones de datos sobre los huracanes en Puerto Rico.
Explore maps about hurricane impacts in Puerto Rico.
Explore mapas sobre los efectos de los huracanes en Puerto Rico.
Explore media products about hurricanes in Puerto Rico.
Explore los productos multimedia sobre los huracanes en Puerto Rico.
Explore scientific publications by USGS researchers about hurricane impacts in Puerto Rico.
Explore publicaciones científicas por investigadores del UGS sobre los efectos de los huracanes en Puerto Rico.
Controls on sediment transport over coral reefs off southwest Puerto Rico: Seasonal patterns and Hurricane Maria
Guánica Bay in southwest Puerto Rico is highly turbid and has some of the highest PCB concentrations in the USA. To investigate how and to what extent the bay waters influence coral reef ecosystem health along the coastline, 6 months of hydrodynamic data were collected at 8 sites on the insular shelf. Bed shear stresses were primarily driven by waves and were weakest at the site closest to La Parg
Monitoring storm tide and flooding from Hurricane Irma along the U.S. Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, and the Southeastern United States, September 2017
Hurricane Irma skirted the northern coasts of the U.S. Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico, with maximum sustained winds of 185 miles per hour (mi/h) on September 6, 2017. The hurricane first made landfall in Florida near Cudjoe Key, in the lower Florida Keys, with maximum sustained winds of 130 mi/h on September 10, 2017. The hurricane made a second Florida landfall on Marco Island, Florida, with maxi
On the shoulders of giants: Continuing the legacy of large-scale ecosystem manipulation experiments in Puerto Rico
There is a long history of experimental research in the Luquillo Experimental Forest in Puerto Rico. These experiments have addressed questions about biotic thresholds, assessed why communities vary along natural gradients, and have explored forest responses to a range of both anthropogenic and non-anthropogenic disturbances. Combined, these studies cover many of the major disturbances that affect
Landslides triggered by Hurricane Maria: Assessment of an extreme event in Puerto Rico
Hurricane Maria hit the island of Puerto Rico on 20 September 2017 and triggered more than 40,000 landslides in at least three-fourths of Puerto Rico’s 78 municipalities. The number of landslides that occurred during this event was two orders of magnitude greater than those reported from previous hurricanes. Landslide source areas were commonly limited to surficial soils but also extended into und
2018 hurricane and wildfire supplemental funding: USGS recovery activities
The Additional Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Relief Requirements Act, 2018 (P.L. 115-123), was signed by the President on February 9, 2018. This funding provided $42.2 million to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) for equipment repair and replacement, high-resolution elevation data collection in both hurricane- and wildfire-impacted areas, and scientific studies and assessments that will
Seismic sensors record a hurricane’s roar
The instruments installed at Global Seismographic Network (GSN) stations were designed to record Earth’s vibrations, but they sometimes pick up sound waves from unexpected sources. For example, newly installed infrasound sensors at a station on Puerto Rico recorded the passage of Hurricane Maria on 20 September 2017.
The intertropical convergence zone modulates intense hurricane strikes on the western North Atlantic margin
Most Atlantic hurricanes form in the Main Development Region between 9°N to 20°N along the northern edge of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). Previous research has suggested that meridional shifts in the ITCZ position on geologic timescales can modulate hurricane activity, but continuous and long-term storm records are needed from multiple sites to assess this hypothesis. Here we present
The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Puerto Rico
Elevation data are essential to a broad range of applications, including forest resources management, wildlife and habitat management, scientific research, national security, recreation, and many others. For the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, elevation data are critical for flood risk management, landslide mitigation, natural resources conservation, sea level rise and subsidence, coastal zone manage
A Systems Thinking approach to post-disaster restoration of maritime transportation systems
A Systems Thinking approach is used to examine elements of a maritime transportation system that are most likely to be impacted by an extreme event. The majority of the literature uses a high-level view that can fail to capture the damage at the sub-system elements. This work uses a system dynamics simulation for a better view and understanding of the Port of San Juan, Puerto Rico, as a whole syst
Estimating soil turnover rate from tree uprooting during hurricanes in Puerto Rico
Soil turnover by tree uprooting in primary and secondary forests on the island of Puerto Rico was measured in 42 study plots in the months immediately after the passage of a Category 3 hurricane. Trunk basal area explained 61% of the variability of mound volume and 53% of the variability of mound area. The proportion of uprooted trees, the number of uprooted trees, or the proportion of uprooted ba
The hurricane-flood-landslide continuum
In August 2004, representatives from NOAA, NASA, the US Geological Survey (USGS), as well as other government agencies and academic institutions convened in San Juan, Puerto Rico, at a workshop to discuss a proposed research project called the Hurricane-Flood-Landslide Continuum (HFLC). The purpose of the HFLC is to develop and integrate the multidisciplinary tools needed to issue regional guidanc
Tropical cyclones and the flood hydrology of Puerto Rico
Some of the largest unit discharge flood peaks in the stream gaging records of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) have occurred in Puerto Rico. Many of these flood peaks are associated with tropical cyclones. Hurricane Georges, which passed directly over the island on 21–22 September 1998, produced record flood peaks at numerous USGS stations in Puerto Rico. The hydrology and hydrometeorology of ex
Explore web tools for Puerto Rico related to hurricane hazards.
Explore las herramientas de Internet sobre los peligros de huracanes.
Read research news highlights about hurricanes in Puerto Rico.
Lea las principales noticias de investigación sobre huracanes en Puerto Rico.
Hurricanes are one of the most frequent natural hazards that Caribbean islands are prone to encounter. The frequency of storms and their intensity could increase with climate change. This page contains a variety of USGS research on hurricane impacts to Puerto Rico, dating back to 1989, when Hurricane Hugo impacted the island. Research topics include storm-induced landslides, as well as impacts on coral reefs, coastal flooding, water resources, and ecosystems. Explore the publications, data releases, and news highlights related to hurricane hazards in Puerto Rico in the corresponding tabs.
Los huracanes son uno de los peligros naturales más frecuentes en las islas del Caribe. Con el cambio climático, podría aumentar la frecuencia de las tormentas y su intensidad. Esta página contiene algunas de las investigaciones que realizó el USGS sobre los efectos de huracanes en Puerto Rico que se remontan a 1989, cuando el huracán Hugo azotó la isla. Entre los temas de investigación, están los deslizamientos de tierra provocados por tormentas, el impacto en los arrecifes de coral, las inundaciones costeras, el impacto en los recursos hídricos y en los ecosistemas. Explore las publicaciones, las cesiones de datos y las noticias destacadas relacionadas con las amenazas de los huracanes en Puerto Rico en esta página.
Hurricane Maria | Huracán María
In September 2017, Hurricane Maria made landfall in the Caribbean as a category 4 storm. Based on a Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) 2018 report (FEMA P-2020, 2018), it caused $90 billion in damages, mostly in Puerto Rico. Hurricane Maria was the third costliest hurricane ever recorded in the United States. In Puerto Rico, more than fifty thousand houses were reported as visually affected or destroyed by the hurricane. Critical infrastructures were damaged and interrupted for months, including the water supply, electric network, telecommunications, transportation, roads, and healthcare. The image below shows the tracks of Hurricane Maria. USGS scientists have investigated the aftermath of hurricane Maria and other hurricanes such as Hugo (1989), Georges (1998), and Irma (2017). Learn more about these projects in the sections below.
En septiembre de 2017, el huracán María azotó el Caribe como una tormenta de categoría 4. En base al informe de 2018 de la Agencia Federal para el Manejo de Emergencia (FEMA P-2020, 2018), provocó daños por 90,000 millones de dólares, principalmente en Puerto Rico. El huracán María fue el tercer huracán más costoso registrado en los Estados Unidos. En Puerto Rico, se reportaron más de 50 mil casas que fueron destruidas o afectadas por el huracán. Luego del huracán, la infraestructura crítica se vio dañada o interrumpida por meses, incluyendo el suministro de agua, la red energética, las telecomunicaciones, el transporte, los caminos y la atención sanitaria. La próxima imagen muestra la trayectoria del huracán María. Los científicos del USGS han investigado las consecuencias de éste y otros huracanes como Hugo (1989), Georges (1998) e Irma (2017). Conozca más de estos proyectos en las secciones que están a continuación.
Hurricane Maria Landslides | Los deslizamientos de tierra causados por el Huracán María
Hurricane Maria triggered over seventy thousand landslides in Puerto Rico, affecting critical infrastructure across the island, disrupting roads and dislodging houses from their foundations. An interactive landslide susceptibility map for Puerto Rico can be accessed here. USGS collaborated with federal and academic partners to produce materials describing landslide risk to better support residents and facilitate information dissemination to emergency managers. A landslide guide was created in Spanish and English that can be accessed via the Puerto Rico Landslide Hazard Mitigation Project page.
Learn more about landslide hazard assessment and risk communication following Hurricane Maria.
El huracán María desencadenó más de 70,000 deslizamientos de tierra en Puerto Rico, los que afectaron la infraestructura crítica en toda la isla, interrumpiendo las vías de trasportación y desplazando casas de sus cimientos. Se puede acceder al mapa interactivo de susceptibilidad a los deslizamientos de tierra para Puerto Rico aquí. El USGS colaboró con socios federales y académicos para proporcionar materiales que describan el riesgo de deslizamiento de tierra para asistir mejor a los residentes y facilitar la divulgación de información entre los manejadores de emergencias. Se creó una guía sobre los deslizamientos de tierra en español y en inglés que se encuentra en la página del Proyecto para la Mitigación de Riesgos por Deslizamiento de Tierra.
Obtenga más información sobre la evaluación del riesgos por deslizamiento de tierra y la comunicación de riesgos después del huracan María.
Storm Surges and Floods | Las marejadas y las inundaciones
USGS collaborated with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) in installing temporary stations with water-level and barometric pressure sensors prior to Hurricane Maria to measure coastal and riverine high-water marks throughout Puerto Rico during the storm. In addition to the temporary sensors, USGS has a network of 99 permanent real-time stream gages and 36 real-time precipitation stations in Puerto Rico. Access the report about the effects of Hurricane Maria, developed to assess flooding, storm tides, and precipitation.
El USGS colaboró con la Agencia Federal para el Manejo de Emergencia (FEMA por sus siglas en inglés) en la instalación de estaciones temporales de instrumentos que miden el nivel de agua y la presión barométrica antes del huracán María a fin de medir las marcas de la marea alta fluvial y costera en Puerto Rico durante la tormenta. Además de los sensores temporeros, el USGS tiene una red de 99 medidores permanentes de caudal en tiempo real y 36 estaciones de precipitación en tiempo real, en Puerto Rico. Acceda el informe de los efectos del huracán María para evaluar los desbordamientos, las marejadas y las precipitaciones.
Coastal Flood Risk Increase Due to Hurricane-Induced Coral Reef Damage | El aumento del riesgo de inundación costera debido a los daños en los arrecifes de coral provocados por huracanes
Hurricanes Irma and Maria caused a significant increase in risk of future coastal flooding due to coral reef damages. The fringing coral reefs surrounding the coastline of Puerto Rico are the first line of flood defense from coastal hazards. The repercussions of reef damage in Puerto Rico were assessed with high resolution hydrodynamic and socioeconomic models. In Puerto Rico, it was estimated that the cost of future flood damages could increase due to reef damage by $178 million annually (visit report). However, reef restoration could potentially avert over $40 million in economic damages per year (visit report).
Los huracanes Irma y María causaron un aumento importante en el riesgo de inundaciones costeras futuras debido a los daños de los arrecifes de coral, que son la primera línea de defensa contra los riesgos costeros. Las repercusiones de los daños de los arrecifes de coral en Puerto Rico fueron evaluadas con modelos socioeconómicos e hidrodinámicos de alta resolución. En Puerto Rico, se estimó que el costo de los daños de inundaciones futuras debido a daños en los arrecifes de coral podría aumentar 178 millones de dólares por año (consulte el informe). Sin embargo, la restauración de los arrecifes podría evitar más de 40 millones de dólares en daños económicos por año (consulte el informe).
Learn more about USGS Puerto Rico hazards research and tools. | Obtenga más información sobre las herramientas e investigaciones del USGS acerca de riesgos en Puerto Rico.
Science
The USGS has investigated hurricane impacts in Puerto Rico across various research topics, including hurricane-induced landslides, and the hurricane effects impacts on coral reefs, coastal flooding, water resources, and ecosystems. Explore the links below to learn more.
Ciencias
El USGS ha investigado los efectos de los huracanes en Puerto Rico en diferentes temas, como los deslizamientos de tierra, los arrecifes de coral, las inundaciones costeras, los recursos hídricos y los ecosistemas. Explore los enlaces que están a continuación para conocer más sobre las consecuencias de huracanes.
Puerto Rico Natural Hazards | Peligros naturales de Puerto Rico
Explore data releases about hurricanes in Puerto Rico.
Explore las cesiones de datos sobre los huracanes en Puerto Rico.
Explore maps about hurricane impacts in Puerto Rico.
Explore mapas sobre los efectos de los huracanes en Puerto Rico.
Explore media products about hurricanes in Puerto Rico.
Explore los productos multimedia sobre los huracanes en Puerto Rico.
Explore scientific publications by USGS researchers about hurricane impacts in Puerto Rico.
Explore publicaciones científicas por investigadores del UGS sobre los efectos de los huracanes en Puerto Rico.
Controls on sediment transport over coral reefs off southwest Puerto Rico: Seasonal patterns and Hurricane Maria
Guánica Bay in southwest Puerto Rico is highly turbid and has some of the highest PCB concentrations in the USA. To investigate how and to what extent the bay waters influence coral reef ecosystem health along the coastline, 6 months of hydrodynamic data were collected at 8 sites on the insular shelf. Bed shear stresses were primarily driven by waves and were weakest at the site closest to La Parg
Monitoring storm tide and flooding from Hurricane Irma along the U.S. Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, and the Southeastern United States, September 2017
Hurricane Irma skirted the northern coasts of the U.S. Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico, with maximum sustained winds of 185 miles per hour (mi/h) on September 6, 2017. The hurricane first made landfall in Florida near Cudjoe Key, in the lower Florida Keys, with maximum sustained winds of 130 mi/h on September 10, 2017. The hurricane made a second Florida landfall on Marco Island, Florida, with maxi
On the shoulders of giants: Continuing the legacy of large-scale ecosystem manipulation experiments in Puerto Rico
There is a long history of experimental research in the Luquillo Experimental Forest in Puerto Rico. These experiments have addressed questions about biotic thresholds, assessed why communities vary along natural gradients, and have explored forest responses to a range of both anthropogenic and non-anthropogenic disturbances. Combined, these studies cover many of the major disturbances that affect
Landslides triggered by Hurricane Maria: Assessment of an extreme event in Puerto Rico
Hurricane Maria hit the island of Puerto Rico on 20 September 2017 and triggered more than 40,000 landslides in at least three-fourths of Puerto Rico’s 78 municipalities. The number of landslides that occurred during this event was two orders of magnitude greater than those reported from previous hurricanes. Landslide source areas were commonly limited to surficial soils but also extended into und
2018 hurricane and wildfire supplemental funding: USGS recovery activities
The Additional Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Relief Requirements Act, 2018 (P.L. 115-123), was signed by the President on February 9, 2018. This funding provided $42.2 million to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) for equipment repair and replacement, high-resolution elevation data collection in both hurricane- and wildfire-impacted areas, and scientific studies and assessments that will
Seismic sensors record a hurricane’s roar
The instruments installed at Global Seismographic Network (GSN) stations were designed to record Earth’s vibrations, but they sometimes pick up sound waves from unexpected sources. For example, newly installed infrasound sensors at a station on Puerto Rico recorded the passage of Hurricane Maria on 20 September 2017.
The intertropical convergence zone modulates intense hurricane strikes on the western North Atlantic margin
Most Atlantic hurricanes form in the Main Development Region between 9°N to 20°N along the northern edge of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). Previous research has suggested that meridional shifts in the ITCZ position on geologic timescales can modulate hurricane activity, but continuous and long-term storm records are needed from multiple sites to assess this hypothesis. Here we present
The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Puerto Rico
Elevation data are essential to a broad range of applications, including forest resources management, wildlife and habitat management, scientific research, national security, recreation, and many others. For the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, elevation data are critical for flood risk management, landslide mitigation, natural resources conservation, sea level rise and subsidence, coastal zone manage
A Systems Thinking approach to post-disaster restoration of maritime transportation systems
A Systems Thinking approach is used to examine elements of a maritime transportation system that are most likely to be impacted by an extreme event. The majority of the literature uses a high-level view that can fail to capture the damage at the sub-system elements. This work uses a system dynamics simulation for a better view and understanding of the Port of San Juan, Puerto Rico, as a whole syst
Estimating soil turnover rate from tree uprooting during hurricanes in Puerto Rico
Soil turnover by tree uprooting in primary and secondary forests on the island of Puerto Rico was measured in 42 study plots in the months immediately after the passage of a Category 3 hurricane. Trunk basal area explained 61% of the variability of mound volume and 53% of the variability of mound area. The proportion of uprooted trees, the number of uprooted trees, or the proportion of uprooted ba
The hurricane-flood-landslide continuum
In August 2004, representatives from NOAA, NASA, the US Geological Survey (USGS), as well as other government agencies and academic institutions convened in San Juan, Puerto Rico, at a workshop to discuss a proposed research project called the Hurricane-Flood-Landslide Continuum (HFLC). The purpose of the HFLC is to develop and integrate the multidisciplinary tools needed to issue regional guidanc
Tropical cyclones and the flood hydrology of Puerto Rico
Some of the largest unit discharge flood peaks in the stream gaging records of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) have occurred in Puerto Rico. Many of these flood peaks are associated with tropical cyclones. Hurricane Georges, which passed directly over the island on 21–22 September 1998, produced record flood peaks at numerous USGS stations in Puerto Rico. The hydrology and hydrometeorology of ex
Explore web tools for Puerto Rico related to hurricane hazards.
Explore las herramientas de Internet sobre los peligros de huracanes.
Read research news highlights about hurricanes in Puerto Rico.
Lea las principales noticias de investigación sobre huracanes en Puerto Rico.