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Explore our planet through photography and imagery, including climate change and water all the way back to the 1800s when the USGS was surveying the country by horse and buggy.

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Microplastics sampling on Lake Mead
Microplastics sampling on Lake Mead
Microplastics sampling on Lake Mead
Microplastics sampling on Lake Mead

Sampling for microplastics on Lake Mead, March 21, 2017

Sampling for microplastics on Lake Mead, March 21, 2017

Men stand on a boat wearing safety gear and they are recovering damaged instrumentation from the water using cables and ropes.
Recovering instrument package from Monterey Canyon
Recovering instrument package from Monterey Canyon
Recovering instrument package from Monterey Canyon

On March 21, 2017, the sediment trap from this instrument package (deployed the previous October into Monterey Canyon) is gone and the mounting frame is mangled, having been exposed to several significant turbidity currents in one deployment. 

On March 21, 2017, the sediment trap from this instrument package (deployed the previous October into Monterey Canyon) is gone and the mounting frame is mangled, having been exposed to several significant turbidity currents in one deployment. 

A 3D tour of Kīlauea's summit lava lake...
A 3D tour of Kīlauea's summit lava lake
A 3D tour of Kīlauea's summit lava lake
A 3D tour of Kīlauea's summit lava lake

This 3D model of the lava lake at Kīlauea's summit was constructed from a series of thermal images acquired during an overflight on Thursday, March 16. For scale, the lava lake is about 250 meters (820 ft) across. The lake is within the Overlook crater, which is within Halema‘uma‘u Crater.

This 3D model of the lava lake at Kīlauea's summit was constructed from a series of thermal images acquired during an overflight on Thursday, March 16. For scale, the lava lake is about 250 meters (820 ft) across. The lake is within the Overlook crater, which is within Halema‘uma‘u Crater.

Map of U.S. showing karst areas, which are prone to land subsidence and sinkholes.
Karst landscapes are more prone to have land subsidence and sinkholes.
Karst landscapes are more prone to have land subsidence and sinkholes.
Karst landscapes are more prone to have land subsidence and sinkholes.

Map of U.S. showing karst areas, which are prone to land subsidence and sinkholes.

snow and ice on Mohawk River at Lock 8
Mohawk River at Lock 8 near Schenectady, NY (01354330)
Mohawk River at Lock 8 near Schenectady, NY (01354330)
Mohawk River at Lock 8 near Schenectady, NY (01354330)

Mohawk River at Lock 8 near Schenectady, New York (01354330)

Processing a sample for detection of N. fowleri
Processing a sample for detection of N. fowleri
Processing a sample for detection of N. fowleri
Processing a sample for detection of N. fowleri

Processing a sample for detection of N. fowleri 

Satellite image showing burn damage caused by fires.
Fires Burn Farms and Ranches in Oklahoma and Kansas
Fires Burn Farms and Ranches in Oklahoma and Kansas
Fires Burn Farms and Ranches in Oklahoma and Kansas

Landsat's shortwave infrared (SWIR) band measures reduced moisture content in soil and vegetation. When combined with its near-infrared (NIR) band, which helps reveal actively growing vegetation, Landsat produces highly accurate images and maps of burned areas.

Landsat's shortwave infrared (SWIR) band measures reduced moisture content in soil and vegetation. When combined with its near-infrared (NIR) band, which helps reveal actively growing vegetation, Landsat produces highly accurate images and maps of burned areas.

A woman in a lab coat reaches into a machine with a see-through window into a space with receptacles to hold bottles.
Accelerated solvent extractor
Accelerated solvent extractor
Accelerated solvent extractor

This Dionex ASE 350 accelerated solvent extractor automatically extracts hydrocarbons for further analysis. We also have a Zymark TurboVap II for sample preparation (not shown).

This Dionex ASE 350 accelerated solvent extractor automatically extracts hydrocarbons for further analysis. We also have a Zymark TurboVap II for sample preparation (not shown).

In a laboratory, a woman in a lab coat stands in front of a machine with a computer screen that is lit up.
Carbon analysis system
Carbon analysis system
Carbon analysis system

In the carbon analysis laboratory, these three instruments (the UIC CM250) automatically analyze the total carbon, total organic carbon, and total inorganic carbon content of multiple dried sediment samples. 

In the carbon analysis laboratory, these three instruments (the UIC CM250) automatically analyze the total carbon, total organic carbon, and total inorganic carbon content of multiple dried sediment samples. 

A woman wearing a lab coat stands in front of a machine with 6 cylindrical holders, she is placing a bottle in a cylinder.
Centrifuge in the sediment prep lab
Centrifuge in the sediment prep lab
Centrifuge in the sediment prep lab

We spin down a sample of sediment that's mixed with distilled water in a centrifuge. This separates the sediment from the water at the bottom of the sample bottle, and we pour off most of the water. This process removes dissolved salts.

We spin down a sample of sediment that's mixed with distilled water in a centrifuge. This separates the sediment from the water at the bottom of the sample bottle, and we pour off most of the water. This process removes dissolved salts.

A woman wearing a lab coat lifts a long thin sediment core from a shelf.
Core racks for storage
Core racks for storage
Core racks for storage

In the cold storage room at the USGS Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, we store cores on large racks that can hold about 4,500 full sized cores or D-tubes with split cores, up to 1.5 meters long.

In the cold storage room at the USGS Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, we store cores on large racks that can hold about 4,500 full sized cores or D-tubes with split cores, up to 1.5 meters long.

A woman wearing a lab coat wheels a tray, with a sediment core resting on top, out through a big metal door.
Exiting the cold sample storage room
Exiting the cold sample storage room
Exiting the cold sample storage room

The back door of the refrigerator connects to our core and sample processing labs.

Flowing groundwater site in Indiana
Flowing groundwater site in Indiana
Flowing groundwater site in Indiana
Flowing groundwater site in Indiana

Flowing groundwater site in Indiana

A woman in a lab coat stands in a lab opening the doors of a cabinet filled with glass beakers.
Fume hood lab
Fume hood lab
Fume hood lab

Our fume hood lab allows for sample preparation in safe conditions.

Our fume hood lab allows for sample preparation in safe conditions.

A woman, wearing a lab coat and protective equipment in a laboratory, holds a core in a device that will split the core in half.
Geotek core splitter
Geotek core splitter
Geotek core splitter

In the core lab, the Geotek core splitter cuts sediment cores in half lengthwise using oscillating saws and a wire cutter.

In the core lab, the Geotek core splitter cuts sediment cores in half lengthwise using oscillating saws and a wire cutter.

photo of ice coated Mohawk River at a bridge
Ice Jam Webcam image of Mohawk River at Stockade bridge, Schenectady
Ice Jam Webcam image of Mohawk River at Stockade bridge, Schenectady
Ice Jam Webcam image of Mohawk River at Stockade bridge, Schenectady

Ice Jam Webcam image of Mohawk River at Stockade bridge, Schenectady

Kīlauea Volcano's summit eruption in Halema‘uma‘u Crater reaches 9t...
Kīlauea's eruption in Halema‘uma‘u reaches 9th anniv.
Kīlauea's eruption in Halema‘uma‘u reaches 9th anniv.
Kīlauea's eruption in Halema‘uma‘u reaches 9th anniv.

Sunset view of the Kīlauea summit lava lake showing an active area of spattering at the right margin. Jagged openings between cooler crustal plates reveal molten lava. HVO is faintly visible on the Kīlauea Caldera rim at upper left. USGS photo February 13, 2017.

Sunset view of the Kīlauea summit lava lake showing an active area of spattering at the right margin. Jagged openings between cooler crustal plates reveal molten lava. HVO is faintly visible on the Kīlauea Caldera rim at upper left. USGS photo February 13, 2017.

A woman wearing a lab coat and rubber gloves holds a plastic dropper over a hole in a machine in a laboratory.
Laser diffraction for measuring sediment size fractions
Laser diffraction for measuring sediment size fractions
Laser diffraction for measuring sediment size fractions

The Beckman Coulter LS 13 320 uses laser diffraction to automatically analyze sediment size fractions between 2 millimeters and 0.35 micron (-1 phi to 11.5 phi).

The Beckman Coulter LS 13 320 uses laser diffraction to automatically analyze sediment size fractions between 2 millimeters and 0.35 micron (-1 phi to 11.5 phi).

A woman wearing a lab coat and rubber gloves stands in a lab near an apparatus with a long track that holds a sediment core.
Multi-sensor core logger
Multi-sensor core logger
Multi-sensor core logger

The first stop for many sediment cores is the Geotek MSCL or multi-sensor core logger. The logger automatically measures P-wave velocity, magnetic susceptibility, electrical resistivity, and gamma density at intervals from 1 millimeter to 1 centimeter along cores up to 1.5 meters long.

The first stop for many sediment cores is the Geotek MSCL or multi-sensor core logger. The logger automatically measures P-wave velocity, magnetic susceptibility, electrical resistivity, and gamma density at intervals from 1 millimeter to 1 centimeter along cores up to 1.5 meters long.

A person's hand holds a book containing a color coded system for identifying sediment near a sediment core lying on a tabletop.
Munsell chart colors for describing sediment in a core
Munsell chart colors for describing sediment in a core
Munsell chart colors for describing sediment in a core

Lab technicians create written descriptions of sediment cores, referencing Munsell chart colors and standard phrases.

Lab technicians create written descriptions of sediment cores, referencing Munsell chart colors and standard phrases.

A woman wearing a lab coat walks into a laboratory with sinks and machinery, she is carrying a bag.
PCMSC Sediment Prep Lab
PCMSC Sediment Prep Lab
PCMSC Sediment Prep Lab

This is the Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center's Sediment Prep Lab, where sediment samples and core subsamples are prepared for analyses.

This is the Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center's Sediment Prep Lab, where sediment samples and core subsamples are prepared for analyses.