Data

Overview: There are multiple systems for mapping waterbodies within the conterminous United States. Prominent among them are the "High Resolution" and "Version 2" editions of the National Hydrography Dataset Plus. The National Hydrography Dataset Plus High Resolution (NHDPlusHR, Moore and others, 2025) uses "Permanent Identifiers" to identify waterbodies, while the National Hydrography...

The US Geological Survey has collected daily streamflow data at more than 20,000 locations within the conterminous United States (CONUS). Although these data are publicly available, there is little to no information about the environmental setting under which the data were collected. Specifically, users of the data have no readily available means to determine whether the observed...

Aquatic reflectance data from Sentinel-2 satellite imagery is paired with discrete chlorophyll measurements across Oregon, Ohio, and Florida in the United States. The dataset contains a csv data file (CyAN_S2_Matched_WQ_S2.csv), a csv data dictionary file (CyAN_S2_Matched_WQ_S2_data_dictionary.csv) that describes each of the columns in the data file, and a zip file of python scripts...

This U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Data Release contains chemical analysis information on sediment core and oil samples collected at the National Crude Oil Spill Fate and Natural Attenuation Research Site near Bemidji, Minnesota, USA. Following a crude-oil spill in 1979, biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in the contaminated aquifer has formed distinct zones of pH and/or redox...

This dataset provides monthly summaries of evapotranspiration (ET) data from OpenET v2.0 image collections for the period 2000-2024 for all National Watershed Boundary Dataset subwatersheds (12-digit hydrologic unit codes [HUC12s]) in the US that overlap the spatial extent of OpenET datasets. For each HUC12, the dataset contains spatial aggregation statistics (minimum, mean, median, and...

Groundwater – surface water (GW-SW) exchange plays a fundamental role in the transport of energy and solutes in coastal salt marshes, which may be influenced by flow of terrestrial groundwater and tidal fluctuations. Sediment heat tracing and redox tracking experiments were conducted at a hillslope-adjacent fringing salt marsh on the Herring River in Wellfleet, MA to test new monitoring...

This data release contains spatially and temporally aggregated data from a particular application of the Weather Research and Forecasting hydrological model (WRF-Hydro; Gochis and others, 2025) from water year 1980 through 2022 for the conterminous United States (Rafieeinasab and others, 2026). This modeling application is climatologically forced with a modified version of the CONUS404...

These data are a compilation of example index velocity ratings used at USGS streamgaging stations. Each directory contains seven comma-delimited files consisting of a read me, the hydrographer developed rating, a table of discharge measurements used to develop the velocity rating, a mixture model analysis, statistically recommended rating, and the variance covariance matrix for both the

This data release presents a national cross-section (XS) database (NXSDB) of bathymetric cross-sections collected during water year (WY) 2022 (October 1, 2021, to September 30, 2022). The WY 2022 NXSDB has been approved by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) for publication and supersedes the provisional versions. The data were collected by hydrographers during routine site visits to...

This data release presents a national cross-section (XS) database (NXSDB) of bathymetric cross-sections collected during water year (WY) 2023 (October 1, 2022, to September 30, 2023). The WY 2023 NXSDB has been approved by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) for publication and supersedes the provisional version. The data were collected by hydrographers during routine site visits to...

The Fraser River, located in the Colorado Rocky Mountains, is a headwater tributary to the Upper Colorado River. This investigation by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Water Mission Area, Water Quality Processes Program Proxies Project was conducted from September 2021 through August 2023 and consisted of eight sampling events incorporating 17 sites (15 stream sites and two wastewater...

This study evaluated the use of stacked machine learning for wood species identification based on Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy data. The approach combined three types of Support Vector Machine classifiers (linear, polynomial, and radial kernels) using a One-vs-All strategy. The outputs were combined through a Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis meta-learner. Variable...