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Anatahan

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The elongate, 9-km-long island of Anatahan in the central Mariana Islands consists of large stratovolcano with a 2.3 x 5 km, E-W-trending compound summit caldera. 

Quick Facts

Location: Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands

Latitude: 16.35° N

Longitude: 145.67° E

Elevation: 790 (m) 2,592 (f)

Volcano type: Stratovolcano

Composition: Basalt - Dacite

Most recent eruption: 2008 CE

Threat Potential: Moderate*

*based on the National Volcano Early Warning System

Summary

The elongate, 9-km-long island of Anatahan in the central Mariana Islands consists of large stratovolcano with a 2.3 x 5 km, E-W-trending compound summit caldera. The larger western portion of the caldera is 2.3 x 3 km wide, and its western rim forms the island's 790-m high point. Ponded lava flows overlain by pyroclastic deposits fill the floor of the western caldera, whose SW side is cut by a fresh-looking smaller crater. The 2-km-wide eastern portion of the caldera contained a steep-walled inner crater whose floor prior to the 2003 eruption was only 68 m above sea level. A submarine volcano, NE Anatahan, rises to within 460 m of the sea surface on the NE flank of the volcano, and numerous other submarine vents are found on the NE-to-SE flanks. Sparseness of vegetation on the most recent lava flows on Anatahan had indicated that they were of Holocene age, but the first historical eruption of Anatahan did not occur until May 2003, when a large explosive eruption took place forming a new crater inside the eastern caldera. From the Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program.

News

Volcano Watch — Why monitor volcanoes of the Commonwealth of Northern Mariana Islands?

Volcano Watch — Why monitor volcanoes of the Commonwealth of Northern Mariana Islands?

Volcano Watch — Anatahan Volcano's ash clouds reach new heights

Volcano Watch — Anatahan Volcano's ash clouds reach new heights

Volcano Watch — Anatahan Volcano reawakens

Volcano Watch — Anatahan Volcano reawakens

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Publications

Volcanic hazards in the Pacific U.S. Territories

The Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, and American Samoa lie along the western side of the famed Pacific Ring of Fire. Here, the processes of active island and submarine volcanoes produce activity both underwater and in the atmosphere that poses potential hazards to the daily lives of residents and travelers. Since 2000, CNMI volcanoes have erupted six times, and one...
Authors
Gabrielle Tepp, Brian Shiro, William W. Chadwick
By
Volcano Hazards Program, Volcano Science Center, Agrigan, Ahyi Seamount, Alamagan, Anatahan, Asuncion, Daikoku Seamount , East Diamante, Esmeralda Bank, Farallon de Pajaros, Fukujin Seamount , Guguan, Kasuga 2, Maug Islands, Ofu-Olosega, Pagan, Ruby, Sarigan, South Sarigan Seamount, Supply Reef, Ta'u Island, Tutuila Island, Zealandia Bank, Subduction Zone Science

2018 update to the U.S. Geological Survey national volcanic threat assessment

When erupting, all volcanoes pose a degree of risk to people and infrastructure, however, the risks are not equivalent from one volcano to another because of differences in eruptive style and geographic location. Assessing the relative threats posed by U.S. volcanoes identifies which volcanoes warrant the greatest risk-mitigation efforts by the U.S. Geological Survey and its partners...
Authors
John W. Ewert, Angela K. Diefenbach, David W. Ramsey
By
Volcano Hazards Program, Volcano Science Center, Agrigan, Ahyi Seamount, Alamagan, Anatahan, Asuncion, Belknap, Black Butte Crater Lava Field, Black Rock Desert Volcanic Field, Blue Lake Crater, Carrizozo Lava Flow, Cascade Range Weekly Update, Cinnamon Butte, Clear Lake Volcanic Field, Coso Volcanic Field, Crater Lake, Craters of the Moon Volcanic Field, Daikoku Seamount , Davis Lake Volcanic Field, Devils Garden Lava Field, Diamond Craters Volcanic Field, Dotsero Volcanic Center, East Diamante, Esmeralda Bank, Farallon de Pajaros, Fukujin Seamount , Glacier Peak, Guguan, Haleakalā, Hell's Half Acre Lava Field, Hualālai, Indian Heaven Volcanic Field, Jordan Craters Volcanic Field, Kama‘ehuakanaloa, Kasuga 2, Kīlauea, Lassen Volcanic Center, Long Valley Caldera, Mammoth Mountain, Markagunt Plateau Volcanic Field, Maug Islands, Mauna Kea, Mauna Loa, Medicine Lake, Mono Lake Volcanic Field, Mono-Inyo Craters, Mount Adams, Mount Bachelor, Mount Baker, Mount Hood, Mount Jefferson, Mount Rainier, Mount Shasta, Mount St. Helens, Newberry, Ofu-Olosega, Pagan, Red Hill-Quemado Volcanic Field, Ruby, Salton Buttes, San Francisco Volcanic Field, Sand Mountain Volcanic Field, Sarigan, Soda Lakes, South Sarigan Seamount, Supply Reef, Ta'u Island, Three Sisters, Tutuila Island, Ubehebe Craters, Uinkaret Volcanic Field, Valles Caldera, Wapi Lava Field, Weekly Update, West Crater Volcanic Field, Yellowstone, Zealandia Bank, Zuni-Bandera Volcanic Field

The 2003 eruption of Anatahan volcano, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands: Chronology, volcanology, and deformation

The first historical eruption on Anatahan Island occurred on 10 May 2003 from the east crater of the volcano. The eruption was preceded by several hours of seismicity. Two and a half hours before the outbreak, the number of earthquakes surged to more than 100 events per hour. At 0730 UTC, the Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center issued an ash advisory. Although the eruption lasted for...
Authors
F. A. Trusdell, R. B. Moore, M. Sako, R.A. White, S.K. Koyanagi, R. Chong, J.T. Camacho
By
Natural Hazards Mission Area, Volcano Hazards Program, Volcano Science Center, Anatahan
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Quick Facts

Location: Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands

Latitude: 16.35° N

Longitude: 145.67° E

Elevation: 790 (m) 2,592 (f)

Volcano type: Stratovolcano

Composition: Basalt - Dacite

Most recent eruption: 2008 CE

Threat Potential: Moderate*

*based on the National Volcano Early Warning System

Volcanoes Hazards Program Links

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