This dataset includes major-, minor-, and trace-element analyses by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and trace-element analyses by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) of olivine, plagioclase, clinopyroxene, and orthopyroxene minerals from scoria and lava samples from the Kamakaiʻa Hills of the Southwest Rift Zone of Kīlauea volcano, Island of Hawaiʻi, USA. Chemical analyses by EPMA were performed at the U.S. Geological Survey in Moffett Field, California, and LA-ICP-MS chemical analyses were performed at Western Washington University in Bellingham, Washington.