The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Chippewa Cree Indians of the Rocky Boy's Reservation and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, collected water-quality and fish tissue samples from Boneau and Williamson Reservoirs on the Rock Boy's Reservation in north-central Montana. Water samples were collected in May and September 2022 from three sites on Boneau Reservoir and one site on Williamson Reservoir and analyzed for nutrients, chlorophyll a, and trace elements at the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory in Denver, Colorado. These laboratory analyses are available from the Water Quality Portal (https://www.waterqualitydata.us) and are not included in this data release. Fish tissue samples were collected in May 2022 from one site on each reservoir and analyzed for total mercury by ALS Environmental in Kelso, Washington. Field water-quality data collected at sampling sites included vertical profiles of water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, specific conductance, turbidity, chlorophyll fluorescence, and photosynthetically active radiation. This data release compiles these field data and the laboratory analyses for fish tissue samples.