Dry-conifer forest loss from high-severity fires in the Jemez Mountains, New Mexico (1995–2023).

Dry-conifer forest loss from high-severity fires in the Jemez Mountains, New Mexico (1995–2023). (A) Photograph of dry-conifer forest from St. Peter’s Dome Lookout, facing south. (B) Repeat photograph showing the near-complete conifer forest loss (mortality and lack of regeneration) following two high-severity fires (1996 Dome Fire and 2011 Las Conchas Fire). Multiple tree-ring fire-scar sites with a history of frequent, low-severity fire are located within and just outside of this field of view. Photo credits: C.D. Allen 1995 and 2023. From Wion and others (2026).