Ground tilt associated with episodic eruptions at Kīlauea

Ground tilt associated with episodic eruptions at Kīlauea. Top panel, two years of summit tilt spanning episodic fountaining at Maunaulu in 1969, as measured by a watertube tiltmeter at Uēkahuna  bluff.  Middle panel, an ideal aerosmith measurement of summit ground tilt during the initial years (1984-1986) of the Puʻuʻōʻō eruption that span a period of episodic fountaining. Bottom panel, electronic borehole tiltmeter record from December 2024 until April 2025 showing strong deflationary tilt associated with the sixteen (so far) eruptive episodes, numbered on the graph.