Volcano Watch — Aloha and Happy Retirement to Janet Babb

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Janet's love for volcanoes and Hawai‘i have been evident in everything she's done since first coming to the island in 1990. Her previous work as an elementary school teacher, University of Hawai‘i at Hilo geology lecturer, Hawai‘i Volcano Geoventures owner and guide, and Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park interpretive exhibits specialist set the stage for great accomplishments at HVO.

Awards for Janet's professional work started long before her arrival at HVO. In 2001, she received the Hawai‘i Visitors and Convention Bureau's "Keep it Hawai‘i" Kahili Award for her contributions to public education about Hawaiian volcanoes through Project LAVA (Learning About Volcanic Activity), a week-long teacher workshop that she developed and coordinated from 1995 through 2002.

Janet volunteered at HVO for many years before being hired in 2008 to help the Observatory manage public information during Kīlauea's first summit eruption since 1982. The appearance of the lava lake in Halema‘uma‘u made local, national, and international news, and HVO needed someone knowledgeable in Hawaiian volcanology and geologic history to handle the multitude of media requests. Then Deputy Scientist-in-Charge Steve Brantley suggested that Janet fill that role, a challenge she accepted, initially as a volunteer and later as a permanent USGS employee.

News coverage of Hawaiian volcanoes had been handled directly by HVO leaders and scientists since the observatory's founding in 1912. But with the advent of 21st century around-the-clock news cycles and internet-based radio, television, and social media, HVO needed help. Already hard-pressed in 2008 to keep up with media interest in the continuing Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō eruption, the onset of Kīlauea's summit lava lake only ramped up the pressure.

As the first person to formally occupy such a role explicitly at HVO, Janet defined the niche by creating and sharing protocols to guide HVO scientists during interviews and public presentations. With the greater good of Hawai‘i communities and HVO always in mind, she sought better and more creative ways to share HVO messages about Hawaiian volcanoes and earthquakes.

One of her most successful endeavors began in 2010, when she convinced Hawai‘i County to proclaim January as "Volcano Awareness Month." From then through 2020, she organized a month-long series of public programs—talks, hikes, poster sessions, and other means of community interaction—each January, with HVO staff and affiliates providing the presentations. Over the years, Volcano Awareness Month has done much to prepare island residents for future volcanic eruptions and to share HVO scientists' passion for their work.

Aware that many people could not get close to lava flows in hazardous closed areas, Janet worked with her counterparts at Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park and Hawai‘i County Civil Defense to organize special media events to help bring the inside story of Kīlauea eruptions to the world. She also kept HVO's award-winning "Volcano Watch" essay series alive, editing weekly submissions and encouraging staff to keep writing articles about volcanoes and earthquakes.

When Kīlauea's summit lava lake became a mesmerizing center of attention in Hawai‘i, Janet conceived of and co-produced a 24-minute video that incorporated stunning visuals and informative commentary by HVO scientists, as well as the geologic history and cultural context of Halema‘uma‘u. The award-winning video stands as a reminder of what once existed at the summit of Kīlauea.

Then came 2018. Janet handled the initial unprecedented media onslaught and then worked with communication professionals from other USGS offices throughout the summer to provide a steady stream of information about Kīlauea's lower East Rift Zone eruption and summit collapses to media outlets near and far. In the aftermath, Janet recorded HVO staff recounting their experiences during the 2018 events, video footage that now awaits thoughtful weave into the eruption story of our generation—another example of the creative communicator that she is.

HVO will deeply miss Janet as a colleague and friend. Her passion, talents, and dedication helped us all to be better communicators. HVO is proud to have had her represent us to our island communities and the world, and we wish her all the best in retirement.

Volcano Activity Update

Kīlauea Volcano is not erupting. Its USGS Volcano Alert level remains at NORMAL (https://volcanoes.usgs.gov/vhp/about_alerts.html). Kīlauea updates are issued monthly.

Kīlauea monitoring data over the past month showed no significant changes in seismicity, sulfur dioxide emission rates, or deformation. The water lake at the bottom of Halema‘uma‘u continued to slowly expand and deepen.

Mauna Loa is not erupting. Its USGS Volcano Alert level remains at ADVISORY. This alert level does not mean that an eruption is imminent or that progression to an eruption is certain. Mauna Loa updates are issued weekly.

This past week, about 37 small-magnitude earthquakes were recorded beneath the upper elevations of Mauna Loa; the strongest was a magnitude-2.3 earthquake on the upper Southwest Rift Zone. Monitoring data showed that slow summit inflation continued and fumarole temperature and gas concentrations on the Southwest Rift Zone remain stable.

Two earthquakes with 3 or more felt reports occurred in the Hawaiian Islands this past week: a magnitude-3.1 earthquake 6 km (4 mi) NE of Pāhala at 31 km (19 mi) depth on April 8 at 01:27 a.m. HST and a magnitude-3.0 earthquake 7 km (4 mi) S of Kapa‘au at 12 km (7 mi) depth on April 6 at 02:13 p.m. HST.

HVO continues to closely monitor both Kīlauea and Mauna Loa.