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Black swans, wicked problems, and science during crises

January 1, 2011

Oceanic resources face challenges that are significant and widespread, including (but not limited to) overharvesting, climate change, selected stock collapse, coral reef decline, species extinction, pollution, and more. These challenges are the focus of much ocean science, which is helping to inform policy and guide management actions. The steady growth of research results and the emergence of new research needs have been systematically reviewed through periodic assessments, such as those of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (Valdés et al., 2010).

Publication Year 2011
Title Black swans, wicked problems, and science during crises
DOI 10.5670/oceanog.2011.89
Authors G.E. Machlis, M.K. McNutt
Publication Type Article
Publication Subtype Journal Article
Series Title Oceanography
Index ID 70034299
Record Source USGS Publications Warehouse