Only very strong shaking can break a tree
A handful of credible accounts, both recent and historical, describe trees being broken during earthquakes. Apart from landslides and tsunamis, such accounts are uncommon, suggesting that trees break only when ground acceleration is extreme or when trees are especially vulnerable to breakage. Here, I consider the question: what ground acceleration is required to break a living tree? I present simplified first‐principles calculations, considering the properties of common trees, focusing on tall, thin trees that can be approximated as uniform vertical cantilevers. The results suggest that, possibly excepting tall trees with heavy canopies, standing trees can only be broken by shaking approaching or exceeding 1g, as anticipated by the rarity of documented accounts of snapped trees. I briefly consider several well‐documented instances of tree damage during strong earthquakes, drawing inferences about local ground motions.
Citation Information
| Publication Year | 2026 |
|---|---|
| Title | Only very strong shaking can break a tree |
| DOI | 10.1785/0320250036 |
| Authors | Susan E. Hough |
| Publication Type | Article |
| Publication Subtype | Journal Article |
| Series Title | The Seismic Record |
| Index ID | 70276936 |
| Record Source | USGS Publications Warehouse |
| USGS Organization | Earthquake Science Center |