Structure mapping on enhanced landsat images of Southern Brazil: Tectonic control of mineralization and speculations on metallogeny

Computer enhancement, particularly contrast-stretching, reveals a previously unnoticed east-west structural zone across a Landsat image of the southern Brazilian Precambrian shield. In this zone occur the only known economic or near-economic deposits of gold, tin, and copper. Such deposits are typically localized by small east-west structural elements. Non-economic copper occurrences elsewhere in the region appear to be related to major northeast- and northwest-trending lineaments mapped on Landsat images. Mineral exploration should be primarily directed at the main east-west lineament, but two other possible east-west zones might be worthwhile targets also. The major east-west lineament projects through a break in the continental shelf, across the Atlantic along a large transoceanic fracture zone and into the African continent along a mapped tectonic trend that goes through an area that produces copper, gold, and tin. Global geophysical data suggest that the mapped east-west trend in South America is a surface reflection of structures that developed in the tectosphere in Precambrian time and that have persisted until the present. © 1977 Society of Exploration Geophysicists.