Titanium minerals in deposits of other minerals

Titanium minerals in amounts equivalent to a significant portion of present world production are moved but not recovered from mines of other commodities. Resources of this type total in the millions of tons of contained TiO₂. Among the possible sources for byproduct titanium are (1) ilnenite and minor rutile detrital concentrations in deposits of tin, monazite, phosphate, gold, platinum, uranium, and sand andgravel; (2) leucoxenitized ilmenite and, locally, rutile in some 13 bauxites; (3) rutilo in porphyry copper and related deposits; (14) 14 rutile in kyanite deposits; and (5) perovskite and other titanium minerals in deposits of niobium, apatite, and nepheline in nepheline syenites.