Permethrin concentrations on sawgrass collected from National Key Deer Refuge in 2015

Sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense) samples were collected from marshes on five different keys (Big Pine, Torch, Ramrod, Cudjoe, and Sugarloaf Keys) within National Key Deer Refuge in January and June of 2015 and analyzed for contamination by the mosquito control insecticide permethrin. Permethrin was detected on 17 of 57 samples collected in January while it was detected on 40 of 56 samples collected in June. The concentrations on samples collected in January (below detection to 16 ng/g ww) were lower than concentrations on samples collected in June (below detection to 57.7 ng/g).