At the Hualālai repeater station, USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory field engineers installed a voice repeater that will enable radio communications between disparate locations. USGS photo by M. Warren.

Remote volcano monitoring stations on the Island of Hawai‘i are powered via solar panels that charge a suite of batteries. The power system at the Hualālai repeater station, which relays data from nearby stations back to the observatory, was upgraded in 2023 to use lithium batteries (white boxes in the photo). USGS photo by M. Warren.

The Hualālai repeater site is located on the southeast side of Hualālai volcano, which erupted most recently in 1800-1801. At an elevation of 2,160 meters (7,090 feet) above sea level, the repeater site is often enshrouded in fog. A suite of solar panels is used to generate power for the site, stored locally in lithium batteries. USGS photo by M. Warren.

At repeater station KOHD, USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory field engineers upgraded the seismic sensor and digitizer. The instrument is located in a vault, which protects it from environmental noise, such as wind. USGS photo by J. Chang.

Repeater station KOHD receives data from monitoring stations nearby and relays it back to the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory. The site is located on Kohala volcano, which last erupted over one hundred thousand years ago. The verdant pu‘u (hills) that are cinder cones erupted by Kohala are visible in the background of this photo. USGS photo by K. Mulliken.

A USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) field engineer replaces the power cable at the KOHD repeater station. HVO field engineers maintain the network of instruments that allow HVO to monitor volcanic activity and earthquakes in Hawaii. Working with HVO IT-specialists, they ensure that each monitoring station functions and can relay data back to the observatory. USGS photo by K. Mulliken.