Past Year Monitoring Data for Kīlauea

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By Kīlauea November 29, 2023

This page presents Kīlauea monitoring data collected over the past year, including earthquake rates, locations, and depths, ground deformation data, and gas data.

Seismic Data

Earthquake Hypocenters Map and Cross Section - Past Year

Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details

Above Top: Map showing locations of earthquakes during the past year. Bottom: Depth of earthquakes (circles) during the past year. Depth is reported relative to sea level, which is equal to a depth of zero on the above plot. Circle-size represents magnitude, and color indicates depth. An interactive earthquake plot can be found on the HVO Earthquakes page.

Earthquake Rates and Depths - Past Year

Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details

Above Top: Number of earthquakes per week during the past year (blue bars). The red line is the cumulative moment (energy) release. Bottom: Depth of earthquakes during the past year in the area shown on the map above. Depth is reported relative to sea level, which is equal to a depth of zero on the above plot. On both figures, circle-size represents magnitude, and color indicates depth. An interactive earthquake plot can be found on the HVO Earthquakes page.

Select deformation instuments located on Kīlauea Volcano. (Public domain.)

Deformation Data

Map of Selected Deformation Stations

For more information on how electronic tiltmeters and GPS receivers help monitor the deformation of Kīlauea Volcano, see the HVO Deformation page. Data plots from additional stations are available from our interactive map. Use the right-side menu to view different types of data.

Global Positioning System - Past Year

Kīlauea Summit

Plot of ground deformation — Change in distance between two Global Positioning System (GPS) stations located on opposite sides of Kīlauea's caldera. A rapid increase in distance can be interpreted as inflation of the summit magma reservoir.

Middle East Rift Zone

Plot of ground deformation over the past year — Change in distance between two stations on the middle East Rift Zone of Kīlauea. A rapid increase in distance can be interpreted as inflation of magma storage chambers in the region.

Gas Data

Sulfur dioxide emission rates - Kīlauea summit - past year