Shifted sediment-transport regimes by climate change and amplified hydrological variability in cryosphere-fed rivers

(A) Cryosphere coverage and decadal hydroclimatic change rates in the glacial basin (Xiehela at Tien Shan), nival basin (Qiaqiga at Tien Shan), pluvial basin (Yingluoxia at Qilian Mountain, north Tibetan Plateau), and mixed-regime basin (Qiemo at Kunlun Mountain, north Tibetan Plateau). Doughnut icons depict the rates of change of hydroclimatic variables, with temperature (red), rainfall (light blue), and relative percentage change rates of snowmelt (violet), RSs (light green), discharge (Q, dark blue) and suspended sediment concentration (SSC, brown), where clockwise denotes positive rates and counterclockwise denotes negative rates. See detailed observation records and the magnitude of trends in tables S1 and S2. (B to E) Monthly patterns of Q and SSC. The shaded area denotes SDs. Gray vertical bars denote spring and autumn. From the study Shifted sediment-transport regimes by climate change and amplified hydrological variability in cryosphere-fed rivers.