A continental-scale integrated population model for the American kestrel

American kestrels have been declining in North America for several decades for unknown causes despite extensive research. We examined long-term population trends at a continental scale to eliminate statistical artifacts of immigration and immigration, and were able to identify trends in specific vital rates that can better inform future management actions. Included in this repository is code to run an integrated population model for American kestrels at the continental United States scale. The code is to be used in the R statistical program.