Two primary causes of diurnal variations in dissolved-oxygen concentration (DO), pH, and specific conductance are photosynthesis and aerobic respiration. Photosynthesis is driven by sunlight and produces free oxygen, which causes an increase in DO during the day. Algal, microbial, and plant respiration consumes free oxygen, which causes a decrease in DO, and releases carbon dioxide during the night. Because visits to surface-water-quality stations typically take place between 8 a.m. and 2 p.m., these variations generally are not observed.
In an effort to document the occurrence and magnitude of these diurnal variations when stream-flow was at base-flow levels, water temperature (degrees Celsius), DO (milligrams per liter), percent of dissolved-oxygen saturation (percent), specific conductance (micro-Siemens per centimeter), and pH (units) were monitored continuously and recorded hourly at 94 stations during water years 2000-03, and 2005-10. The continuous measurements were made by using multi-constituent sensors, or monitors, deployed for 3 to 6 days at U.S. Geological Survey surface-water-quality stations during June, July, August, and September. The stations were selected on the basis of previous occurrences of DO supersaturation (greater than 120 percent of saturation) or undersaturation (less than 60 percent of saturation) during routine station visits.
In water year 2002, water temperature, DO, percent of dissolved-oxygen saturation, specific conductance, and pH were monitored continuously at three stations in the Passaic River Basin: Pompton Plains (01388500), Passaic River at Little Falls (01389500), and Saddle River at Lodi (01391500). The monitors were deployed for five 1-week periods during the summer months of a State-declared drought emergency with modified allowable passing flows in the basin (William Honachefsky, N. J. Department of Environmental Protection, written commun., April 2003). Although the intent was to obtain measurements under base-flow conditions, about 1 inch of rain fell during June 10-14.
|
---|
- Overview
Two primary causes of diurnal variations in dissolved-oxygen concentration (DO), pH, and specific conductance are photosynthesis and aerobic respiration. Photosynthesis is driven by sunlight and produces free oxygen, which causes an increase in DO during the day. Algal, microbial, and plant respiration consumes free oxygen, which causes a decrease in DO, and releases carbon dioxide during the night. Because visits to surface-water-quality stations typically take place between 8 a.m. and 2 p.m., these variations generally are not observed.
In an effort to document the occurrence and magnitude of these diurnal variations when stream-flow was at base-flow levels, water temperature (degrees Celsius), DO (milligrams per liter), percent of dissolved-oxygen saturation (percent), specific conductance (micro-Siemens per centimeter), and pH (units) were monitored continuously and recorded hourly at 94 stations during water years 2000-03, and 2005-10. The continuous measurements were made by using multi-constituent sensors, or monitors, deployed for 3 to 6 days at U.S. Geological Survey surface-water-quality stations during June, July, August, and September. The stations were selected on the basis of previous occurrences of DO supersaturation (greater than 120 percent of saturation) or undersaturation (less than 60 percent of saturation) during routine station visits.
In water year 2002, water temperature, DO, percent of dissolved-oxygen saturation, specific conductance, and pH were monitored continuously at three stations in the Passaic River Basin: Pompton Plains (01388500), Passaic River at Little Falls (01389500), and Saddle River at Lodi (01391500). The monitors were deployed for five 1-week periods during the summer months of a State-declared drought emergency with modified allowable passing flows in the basin (William Honachefsky, N. J. Department of Environmental Protection, written commun., April 2003). Although the intent was to obtain measurements under base-flow conditions, about 1 inch of rain fell during June 10-14.
Station Number Station Name Start Dates of Records Collected 01367625 WALLKILL RIVER AT SPARTA NJ 8/25/2003 01367770 WALLKILL RIVER NEAR SUSSEX NJ 8/5/2003 01367780 PAPAKATING CREEK NEAR WYKERTOWN NJ 7/17/2001 01367800 PAPAKATING CREEK AT PELLETTOWN NJ 7/20/2001 01368820 DOUBLE KILL AT WAWAYANDA NJ 8/8/2000 01377000 HACKENSACK RIVER AT RIVERVALE NJ 7/28/2006 01378350 TENAKILL BROOKK AT CRESSKILL NJ 8/4/2006 01378387 TENAKILL BK AT OLD CLOSTER DOCK RD AT CLOSTER NJ 7/19/2001 01378500 HACKENSACK RIVER AT NEW MILFORD NJ 7/31/2007, 9/5/2007 01378560 COLES BK AT HACKENSACK NJ 9/5/2000 01378780 PRIMROSE BK AT MORRISTOWN NATIONAL HIST PARK NJ 8/7/2000 01379000 PASSAIC RIVER NEAR MILLINGTON NJ 8/24/2000 01379200 DEAD RIVER NEAR MILLINGTON NJ 7/10/2001 01379580 PASSAIC RIVER NEAR HANOVER NECK NJ 9/15/2005 01381800 WHIPPANY RIVER NEAR PINE BROOK NJ 8/28/2000, 7/13/2001 01382000 PASSAIC RIVER AT TWO BRIDGES NJ 9/1/2005 01382500 PEQUANNOCK RIVER AT MACOPIN INTAKE DAM NJ 7/13/2001 01388000 RAMAPO RIVER AT POMPTON LAKES NJ 8/2/2000 01388500 POMPTON RIVER AT POMPTON PLAINS NJ 5/6/2002, 5/28/2002, 6/10/2002, 6/14/2002, 7/16/2002 01389005 PASSAIC R BELOW POMPTON R AT TWO BRIDGES NJ 8/8/2000 01389138 DEEPAVAAL BROOK AT FAIRFIELD NJ 8/15/2000 01389500 PASSAIC RIVER AT LITTLE FALLS NJ 5/6/2002, 5/12/2002, 5/28/2002, 6/10/2002, 6/14/2002, 7/16/2002 01390510 SADDLE RIVER AT RIDGEWOOD AVE, AT RIDGEWOOD NJ 7/25/2007, 9/5/2007 01390518 SADDLE RIVER AT GROVE ST, AT RIDGEWOOD NJ 7/9/2008 01390700 HOHOKUS BROOK AT WYCKOFF NJ 7/9/2008 01391100 HOHOKUS BROOK AT MOUTH AT PARAMUS NJ 9/5/2000, 7/9/2008, 8/9/2008 01391200 SADDLE RIVER AT FAIRLAWN NJ 7/25/2007, 9/5/2007, 7/9/2008, 8/9/2008 01391500 SADDLE RIVER AT LODI NJ 9/5/2000, 7/16/2001, 5/6/2002, 5/28/2002, 6/10/2002, 6/24/2002, 7/16/2002, 7/9/2008, 8/9/2008 01391540 SADDLE RIVER AT FELICIAN COLLEGE AT LODI NJ 7/9/2008, 8/13/2008 01391550 SADDLE RIVER AT GARFIELD NJ 7/17/2001 01393450 ELIZABETH RIVER AT URSINO DAM AT ELIZABETH NJ 8/11/2006 01393690 MORSES CREEK AT WEST STIMSON AVE AT LINDEN NJ 8/18/2006 01393960 WB RAHWAY RIV AT NORTHFIELD AVE AT WEST ORANGE NJ 9/1/2005 01394500 RAHWAY RIVER NEAR SPRINGFIELD NJ 7/12/2001 01395000 RAHWAY RIVER AT RAHWAY NJ 7/12/2001 01396550 SPRUCE RUN AT NEWPORT NJ 8/21/2000, 7/6/2001 01396660 MULHOCKAWAY CREEK AT VAN SYCKEL NJ 7/14/2003 01396800 SPRUCE RUN AT CLINTON NJ 9/8/2005 01397000 SB RRARITAN RIVER AT STANTON NJ 9/18/2009 01398000 NESHANIC RIVER AT REAVILLE NJ 7/14/2003 01398102 SB RARITAN R AT SOUTH BRANCH NJ 8/2/2000, 7/9/2001 01398110 HOLLAND BROOK AT SOUTH BRANCH NJ 9/18/2009 01399520 HERZOG BROOK NEAR POTTERSVILLE NJ 9/22/2009 01399780 LAMINGTON RIVER AT BURNT MILLS NJ 7/9/2001 01400000 NB RARITAN RIVER NEAR RARITAN NJ 9/18/2009 01400500 RARITAN RIVER AT MANVILLE NJ 8/28/2003 01402000 MILLSTONE RIVER AT BLACKWELLS MILLS NJ 7/31/2001 01403075 EB MIDDLE BROOK AT GREEN VALLEY RD AT WARRENVILLE NJ 9/22/2009 01403300 RARITAN R AT QUEENS BRIDGE AT BOUND BROOK NJ 7/28/2003 01403385 BOUND BROOK AT ROUTE 28 AT MIDDLESEX NJ 7/10/2001 01404100 RARITAN RIVER NEAR SOUTH BOUND BROOK NJ 9/18/2009 01405003 LAWRENCE BROOK AT RIVA AVE AT MILLTOWN NJ 9/22/2009 01407026 WILKSON CREEK AT CHURCH RD, AT MATAWAN NJ 8/1/2007, 9/18/2007 01408100 NB METEDECONK RIVER LAKEWOOD NJ 8/17/2009, 7/29/2010 01408710 JAKES BRANCH AT SOUTH TOMS RIVER NJ 9/30/2005 01408950 CEDAR CREEK AT ABANDONED RR BRIDGE NEAR LANOKA HARBOR NJ 7/19/2012, 8/9/2012 01409281 WESTECUNK CREEK AT RAIL ROAD AVE AT WEST CREEK NJ 7/19/2012, 8/9/2012 01409416 HAMMONTON CREEK AT WESCOATVILLE NJ 8/20/2001 01411400 FISHING C AT RIO GRANDE NJ 6/25/2001 01411466 INDIAN BRANCH NEAR MALAGA NJ 7/9/2007, 8/29/2007 01411500 MAURICE RIVER AT NORMA NJ 8/1/2007, 8/29/2007 01411955 GRAVELLY RUN AT LAUREL LAKE NJ 8/29/2000 01440000 FLAT BROOK NEAR FLATBROOKVILLE NJ 8/17/2000, 7/19/2001 01442760 DUNNFIELD CREEK AT DUNNFIELD NJ 8/17/2000 01443250 PAULINS KILL AT WARBASSE JCT RD NEAR LAFAYETTE NJ 7/21/2003 01443500 PAULINS KILL AT BLAIRSTOWN NJ 9/1/2009, 7/29/2010 01445160 BEAR BROOK AT DARK MOON ROAD NEAR JOHNSONBURG NJ 7/21/2003 01445900 HONEY RUN NEAR HOPE NJ 8/19/2003 01446400 PEQUEST RIVER AT BELVIDERE NJ 9/1/2009 01455120 POHATCONG CK AT JANES CHAPEL RD AT MOUNT BETHEL NJ 8/19/2003 01457400 MUSCONETCONG R AT RIEGELSVILLE NJ 7/6/2001 01461900 ALEXAUKEN CREEK NEAR LAMBERTVILLE NJ 9/22/2009 01463500 DELAWARE RIVER AT TRENTON NJ 9/1/2000 01463568 ASSUNPINK CREEK AT CARSONS MILLS NJ 8/7/2007, 9/17/2007 01463661 SHIPETAUKIN CREEK NEAR LAWRENCEVILLE NJ 6/21/2007, 8/13/2007 01463850 MIRY RUN AT ROUTE 533 AT MERCERVILLE NJ 7/5/2001 01464020 ASSUNPINK C AT PEACE ST AT TRENTON NJ 9/8/2005 01464380 NORTH RUN AT COOKSTOWN NJ 6/25/2007, 8/15/2007 01464420 CROSSWICKS CREEK NEAR NEW EGYPT NJ 9/13/2006 01464504 CROSSWICKS CK AT GROVEVILLE RD AT GROVEVILLE NJ 9/13/2006 01464515 DOCTORS CREEK AT ALLENTOWN NJ 8/9/2000 01464527 BLACKS C AT CHESTERFIELD NJ 8/16/2001 01464529 BACONS RUN NEAR MANSFIELD SQUARE NJ 7/7/2003 01464578 ANNARICKEN BROOK NEAR JOBSTOWN NJ 7/7/2003 01466500 MCDONALDS BRANCH IN BYRNE STATE FOREST NJ 9/12/2000 01467359 NB BIG TIMBER C AT GLENDORA NJ 9/4/2001 01482500 SALEM RIVER AT WOODSTOWN NJ 7/24/2001 01482519 SALEM RIVER AT MAIN ST AT SHARPTOWN NJ 7/1/2008, 8/20/2008 01482530 MAJOR RUN AT SHARPTOWN NJ 7/24/2001, 7/1/2008, 8/20/2008 0140802850 MANASQUAN R AT GOLF COURSE BRDG, NR ALLENWOOD NJ 8/1/2007, 9/25/2007