Skip to main content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Data describing H5N1 Avian Influenza Infection and Exposure in Waterfowl and Waterbirds of the Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge Complex

October 5, 2026

The introduction of clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 into North America in 2021 marked a significant shift in disease dynamics for wild waterfowl populations. To assess infection and seroprevalence trends following this incursion, we leveraged ongoing capture efforts at the Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge Complex between October 2022 and July 2025 to conduct sampling for HPAI H5N1 prevalence and seroprevalence. Our efforts resulted in the analysis of 384 swab and 204 sera samples from assorted waterfowl and waterbird species.

Publication Year 2026
Title Data describing H5N1 Avian Influenza Infection and Exposure in Waterfowl and Waterbirds of the Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge Complex
DOI 10.5066/P1FWYEB8
Authors Jeffery D Sullivan, Rebecca L. Poulson, Michael L Casazza, Elliott L Matchett, Michael D'Errico, Alisha D Bundy, Jacob W Chappell, Desmond A Mackell, Andrea L Mott, Cory T Overton, David E Stallknecht, Diann J Prosser
Product Type Data Release
Record Source USGS Asset Identifier Service (AIS)
USGS Organization Eastern Ecological Science Center at the Leetown Research Laboratory
Rights This work is marked with CC0 1.0 Universal
Was this page helpful?