May 23, 2023 — Mauna Loa GPS Campaign

During the annual Mauna Loa GPS campaign, scientists temporarily deploy a number of GPS instruments at established benchmarks; their recorded positions can be compared with those from previous years to discern subtle patterns of ground deformation associated with volcanic activity. These data augment the permanent, continuously recording GPS instruments in HVO's monitoring network. In this photo, a survey tripod is established over a benchmark near the summit of Mauna Loa; Moku‘āweoweo caldera is visible in the background on the image. USGS image by A. Ellis.