Nighttime view of tephra-jet explosion, Kīlauea, Hawai‘i

Incandescent arcs trace the path of lava fragments cast out during a tephra-jet explosion at the Waikupanaha ocean entry in 2008. This is a relatively small explosion, reaching a few tens of meters (yards) height, while one earlier in the day was nearly 70 meters (230 ft) in height. At the bottom of the photograph is the rim of the littoral cone built up by explosion deposits. Some of the incandescent arcs are partially obscured by the persistent steam plume emanating from the ocean entry.