Photo and Video Chronology - Kīlauea - March 1, 2002

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Looking west up the east rift zone across the cone of Pu`u `O`o, with Napau Crater in background. Note the incandescent spot near the east end of the crater; this is a hole in the East Pond Vent. Trade winds blow the sulfurous fume south-southwestward.

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Two views of a crusted flow moving away from a new vent at about the 2180-foot elevation, just upslope from the breached rootless shield at 2150 feet. Weak spattering shows location of vent.

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Advancing lava in the new flow, which solidifies as pahoehoe. The billowy nature of the pahoehoe reflects its gas-rich nature, forming shelly pahoehoe that is torturous to try to walk across. The billows, which are 0.3-1 meter high, are hollow, and the locomotion process is like walking on egg shells.

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Sampling gas from a hornito at about the 2130-foot elevation, just down slope from the lowest rootless shield. A tube is stuck through the side of the hornito into its hollow center, and gas is extracted for chemical analysis in the laboratory. Yellow color is native sulfur.

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A baby hornito near the sampled one. Hammer gives scale. Great oaks from small acorns grow.