Artificial reef observations from a manned submersible off southeast Florida
Examination of 16 artificial reef structures in depths ranging from 30-120m indicated that the highest numbers of fish are found around reefs in water shallower than 46m. Fewer fish, especially those with tropical coral reef affinities, <46m was probably caused by a thermocline. Algae and reef community encrusters, abundant on shallower structures, were absent below 46m. Structures that penetrated above the thermocline, such as upright oil rigs and a hopper barge, were also effective reefs. The open structure and high profile of the rigs enhance their use as artificial reefs by providing a range of well-aerated habitats. Greatest diversity and numbers of fish were observed at the Miami sewer outfall. -from Authors
Citation Information
Publication Year | 1989 |
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Title | Artificial reef observations from a manned submersible off southeast Florida |
Authors | E.A. Shinn, R.I. Wicklund |
Publication Type | Article |
Publication Subtype | Journal Article |
Series Title | Bulletin of Marine Science |
Index ID | 70015497 |
Record Source | USGS Publications Warehouse |