A new genus of anteriorly-posteriorly elongate, posterodorsally alate, simplicicostate, strongly prosocline Ordovician ambonychiids is described. To honor Claude Babin and his extensive work with Ordovician pelecypods, the genus is named Claudeonychia. The type species is Claudeonychia babini nov. sp. In addition to the type species, the Ordovician species Byssonychia? byrnesi Ulrich, (1895), Opisthoptera notabilis Ulrich, (1895), and O. laticostata Ulrich, (1895) also are placed in Claudeonychia.