Policy to support climate change mitigation in protected areas

Biodiversity loss and climate change are linked global crises requiring rapid policy responses and significant financial investments (also see Chapter 6: Integrating hotspots for carbondensity and biodiversity and Chapter 8: Financing protected areas for climate change mitigation). The scientific evidence supports policy initiatives that link biodiversity targets, agreed through the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (CBD, 2022), and climate change targets, agreed to through the Paris Agreement to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC, 2015). It is the integration of these two global policies that provides the context for incorporating climate change mitigation into PCA management (Mori et al., 2024). Supporting policies at regional, national and sub-national levels stem from these two global frameworks and call for the integration of biodiversity and climate change policies in a more holistic manner (CBD, 2020; IPBES, 2019; Pettorelli et al., 2021; Turney, Ausseil, & Broadhurst, 2020; UNFCCC, 2019, 2023b).