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James Hein

zation

Geologist Emeritus with the USGS Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Science and Products

Collage of black nodules or rocks of varying sizes and shapes, each 1-7 inches wide, broken in half to show their cores.

Global Seabed Mineral Resources

The Global Marine Mineral Resources project studies deep ocean minerals that occur within the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone and areas beyond national jurisdictions. Our research concerns the setting, genesis, and metal enrichment processes of mineral occurrences, the relationship between marine minerals and deep-sea biota, and the potential geochemical footprint of any seafloor mining. We aim to...
By
Natural Hazards Mission Area, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Deep Sea Exploration, Mapping and Characterization
Global Seabed Mineral Resources

Global Seabed Mineral Resources

The Global Marine Mineral Resources project studies deep ocean minerals that occur within the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone and areas beyond national jurisdictions. Our research concerns the setting, genesis, and metal enrichment processes of mineral occurrences, the relationship between marine minerals and deep-sea biota, and the potential geochemical footprint of any seafloor mining. We aim to...
Learn More

Geochemistry and x-ray diffraction data for hydrothermal manganese oxide rocks from the Samoa hotspot region in the South Pacific Ocean collected during research expedition KM0506 Geochemistry and x-ray diffraction data for hydrothermal manganese oxide rocks from the Samoa hotspot region in the South Pacific Ocean collected during research expedition KM0506

Hydrothermal manganese oxide rocks were collected via dredge from the Tulaga Seamount, the flank of Ofu Island, and from Soso seamount in the Samoa hotspot region offshore American Samoa during the KM0506 cruise aboard the R/V Kilo Moana in April of 2005. Rocks were subsampled at USGS and analyzed for mineralogy by x-ray diffraction as well as sent to SGS laboratories, Canada for major...
By
Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Global ferromanganese crust and abyssal ferromanganese nodule prospective occurrence regions Global ferromanganese crust and abyssal ferromanganese nodule prospective occurrence regions

This data release is a polygon shapefile representing prospective occurrence regions of ferromanganese crusts and abyssal ferromanganese nodules on the seafloor throughout the global oceans. Polygons represent areas where oceanographic criteria, such as low sedimentation rate and moderate primary productivity, overlap with geologic criteria, including regions with appropriate seafloor...
By
Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Geochemistry of ferromanganese crusts, nodules, and hydrothermally altered rocks from the Arctic Ocean Geochemistry of ferromanganese crusts, nodules, and hydrothermally altered rocks from the Arctic Ocean

Ferromanganese crusts, nodules, and hydrothermally altered rocks were collected via dredge within the Amerasia Basin in the Arctic Ocean during USCGC icebreaker Healy cruises HLY0805, HLY0905, and HLY1202 in 2008, 2009, and 2012 respectively. Dredged samples were donated and sent to USGS for subsampling and major and trace element geochemical analyses. Major and trace element data as...
By
Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Measurements of zinc, oxygen, and pH, from sphalerite and ZnS oxidation in seawater Measurements of zinc, oxygen, and pH, from sphalerite and ZnS oxidation in seawater

This data release presents the concentration of zinc, oxygen, pH, temperature, and the time point at which measurements were taken for experimental oxidation work regarding zinc and copper sulfide minerals. These data accompany the following publication: Gartman, A., Whisman, S.P., and Hein, J.R., 2020, Interactive oxidation of sphalerite and covellite in seawater: implications for...
By
Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Sorbed-water (H2O-) corrected chemistry for ferromanganese crust samples from the western equatorial Pacific Ocean Sorbed-water (H2O-) corrected chemistry for ferromanganese crust samples from the western equatorial Pacific Ocean

Ferromanganese crust samples were collected via dredge during four oceanographic research cruises to the western equatorial Pacific Ocean. The location (latitude, longitude, depth) and concentrations of 27 major and trace elements in the most recent growth layers of ferromanganese crusts from 57 dredge sites are presented here, as well as select seawater chemistry at each location. These...
By
Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
No results found.
Filter Total Items: 168

Comparison of the partitioning behaviours of yttrium, rare earth elements, and titanium between hydrogenetic marine ferromanganese crusts and seawater Comparison of the partitioning behaviours of yttrium, rare earth elements, and titanium between hydrogenetic marine ferromanganese crusts and seawater

In order to evaluate details of the partitioning behaviours of Y, rare earth elements (REEs), and Ti between inorganic metal oxide surfaces and seawater, we studied the distribution of these elements in hydrogenetic marine ferromanganese (Fe-Mn) crusts from the Central Pacific Ocean. Nonphosphatized Fe-Mn crusts display shale-normalized rare earths and yttrium (REYSN) patterns (Y...
Authors
Michael Bau, Andrea Koschinsky, Peter Dulski, James R. Hein
By
Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Ferromanganese crusts as indicators for paleoceanographic events in the NE Atlantic Ferromanganese crusts as indicators for paleoceanographic events in the NE Atlantic

Hydrogenetic ferromanganese crusts reflect the chemical conditions of the sewater from which they formed. Fine-scale geochemical analysis of crust layers in combination with age determinations can therefore be used to investigate paleoceanographic changes which are recorded in geochemical gradients in the crusts. At Tropic seamount (off northwest Africa), uniform crust growth influenced...
Authors
A. Koschinsky, P. Halbach, J.R. Hein, A. Mangini

238U-234U-230Th chronometry of Fe-Mn crusts: Growth processes and recovery of thorium isotopic ratios of seawater 238U-234U-230Th chronometry of Fe-Mn crusts: Growth processes and recovery of thorium isotopic ratios of seawater

Comparison of (234U) excess⁄(238U) and (230Th⁄232Th) activity ratios in oceanic Fe-Mn deposits provides a method for assessing the closed-system behaviour of 238U-234U-230Th, as well as variations in the initial uranium and thorium isotopic ratios of the precipitated metal oxides. This approach is illustrated using a Fe-Mn crust from Lotab seamount (Marshall Islands, west equatorial...
Authors
F. Chabaux, A.S. Cohen, R. K. O’Nions, J.R. Hein

Chemically diverse, sporadic volcanism at seamounts offshore southern and Baja California Chemically diverse, sporadic volcanism at seamounts offshore southern and Baja California

Compositions of lavas from seven small to medium-sized seamounts, between lat 34.0°N and 30.5°N offshore southern and Baja California, include low-K2O tholeiitic, transitional, and mildly to moderately alkalic basalt and their differentiates. The low-K2O tholeiites resemble primitive (>9% MgO) mid-oceanic-ridge basalt (MORB) with low incompatible element abundances and very depleted...
Authors
A. S. Davis, S.H. Gunn, W.A. Bohrson, L.-B. Gray, J.R. Hein

Diagenesis of diatomite from the Kolubara Coal Basin, Baroševac, Serbia Diagenesis of diatomite from the Kolubara Coal Basin, Baroševac, Serbia

Diatomite associated with the Kolubara Coal Basin was studied to better understand early stage silica diagenesis of shallow water deposits. The Kolubara Basin consists of Neogene siliciclastic rocks, diatomite, marlstone and rare carbonates. Palaeozoic metamorphic and Mesozoic sedimentary and igneous basement rocks are transgressively overlain by Upper Miocene sandstone, siltstone, shale...
Authors
J. Obradovic, James R. Hein, J. Djurdjevic

Composition and origin of hydrothermal ironstones from central Pacific seamounts Composition and origin of hydrothermal ironstones from central Pacific seamounts

Ironstones recovered from five Late Cretaceous seamounts in the central Pacific region probably formed during late-stage edifice-building volcanism. Ironstones are dense and compact with the appearance of brown chert. The ironstones are characterized by a goethite mineralogy with FeOOH contents up to 88%, extreme fractionation of Fe and Mn, low trace-element and rare earth element...
Authors
J.R. Hein, Y. Hsueh-Wen, S.H. Gunn, A. E. Gibbs, W. Chung-ho

Data and results from R.V. Aleksandr Vinogradov cruises 91-AV-19/1, North Pacific hydrochemistry transect; 91-AV-19/2, North Equatorial Pacific Karin Ridge Fe-Mn crust studies; and 91-AV-19/4, Northwest Pacific and Bering Sea sediment geochemistry and pal Data and results from R.V. Aleksandr Vinogradov cruises 91-AV-19/1, North Pacific hydrochemistry transect; 91-AV-19/2, North Equatorial Pacific Karin Ridge Fe-Mn crust studies; and 91-AV-19/4, Northwest Pacific and Bering Sea sediment geochemistry and pal

No abstract available.
Authors
A.S. Bychkov, A. E. Gibbs

Two major Cenozoic episodes of phosphogenesis recorded in equatorial Pacific seamount deposits Two major Cenozoic episodes of phosphogenesis recorded in equatorial Pacific seamount deposits

Seamount phosphorites have been recognized since the 1950s, but this is the first study to provide an in depth exploration of the origin and history of these widespread deposits. Representative samples from equatorial Pacific Cretaceous seamounts were analyzed for chemical, mineralogical, and stable isotope compositions. The phosphorites occur in a wide variety of forms, but most...
Authors
J.R. Hein, Yeh Hsueh-Wen, S.H. Gunn, W.V. Sliter, L.M. Benninger, Wang Chung-Ho

Hydrothermal palygorskite and ferromanganese mineralization at a central California margin fracture zone Hydrothermal palygorskite and ferromanganese mineralization at a central California margin fracture zone

Ferromanganese oxyhydroxide crusts and nodules associated with palygorskite were recovered from the Santa Lucia Escarpment where the Morro Fracture Zone intersects the central California continental margin. Palygorskite was found in pure, high-Mg, low-Al, boxwork-textured veins, and disseminated in poorly consolidated palygorskite-rich mudstone. The purity of the palygorskite boxwork...
Authors
A. E. Gibbs, J.R. Hein, S.D. Lewis, D. S. McCulloch

Geology, geophysics, geochemistry, and deep-sea mineral deposits, Federated States of Micronesia: KORDI-USGS R.V. Farnella Cruise F11-90-CP Geology, geophysics, geochemistry, and deep-sea mineral deposits, Federated States of Micronesia: KORDI-USGS R.V. Farnella Cruise F11-90-CP

No abstract available.
Authors
James R. Hein, Jung-Ho Ahn, J.C. Wong, Jung-Keuk Kang, V. K. Smith, Suk-Hoon Yoon, W. M. d’Angelo, Sang-Ok Yoo, A. E. Gibbs, Han-Joon Kim, P. J. Quinterno, Moon-Young Jung, A. S. Davis, Byong-Kwon Park, J.R. Gillison, M. S. Marlow, M. S. Schulz, D. F. Siems, J. E. Taggart, Norma Rait, L. G. Pickthorn, M.J. Malcolm, M. G. Kavulak, Hsueh-Wen Yeh, D. M. Mann, M.A. Noble, G. O. Riddle, B. H. Roushey, Hezekiah Smith

Dolomitization of Quaternary reef limestones, Aitutaki, Cook Islands Dolomitization of Quaternary reef limestones, Aitutaki, Cook Islands

Six holes were drilled to depths of 30–69 m in the shallow lagoon of Aitutaki in the southern Cook Islands. One hole encountered pervasively dolomitized reef limestones at 36 m subbottom depth, which extended to the base of the drilled section at 69·3 m. This hole was drilled near the inner edge of the present barrier reef flat on the flank of a seismically defined subsurface ridge. Both...
Authors
James R. Hein, S.C. Gray, B. M. Richmond, L. D. White

Geochronology and subsurface stratigraphy of Pukapuka and Rakahanga atolls, Cook Islands: Late Quaternary reef growth and sea level history Geochronology and subsurface stratigraphy of Pukapuka and Rakahanga atolls, Cook Islands: Late Quaternary reef growth and sea level history

Eustatic sea-level cycles superposed on thermal subsidence of an atoll produce layers of high sea-level reefs separated by erosional unconformities. Coral samples from these reefs from cores drilled to 50 m beneath the lagoons of Pukapuka and Rakahanga atolls, northern Cook Islands give electron spin resonance (ESR) and U-series ages ranging from the Holocene to 600,000 yr B.P. Subgroups...
Authors
S.C. Gray, J.R. Hein, R. Hausmann, U. Radtke

Science and Products

Collage of black nodules or rocks of varying sizes and shapes, each 1-7 inches wide, broken in half to show their cores.

Global Seabed Mineral Resources

The Global Marine Mineral Resources project studies deep ocean minerals that occur within the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone and areas beyond national jurisdictions. Our research concerns the setting, genesis, and metal enrichment processes of mineral occurrences, the relationship between marine minerals and deep-sea biota, and the potential geochemical footprint of any seafloor mining. We aim to...
By
Natural Hazards Mission Area, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Deep Sea Exploration, Mapping and Characterization
Global Seabed Mineral Resources

Global Seabed Mineral Resources

The Global Marine Mineral Resources project studies deep ocean minerals that occur within the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone and areas beyond national jurisdictions. Our research concerns the setting, genesis, and metal enrichment processes of mineral occurrences, the relationship between marine minerals and deep-sea biota, and the potential geochemical footprint of any seafloor mining. We aim to...
Learn More

Geochemistry and x-ray diffraction data for hydrothermal manganese oxide rocks from the Samoa hotspot region in the South Pacific Ocean collected during research expedition KM0506 Geochemistry and x-ray diffraction data for hydrothermal manganese oxide rocks from the Samoa hotspot region in the South Pacific Ocean collected during research expedition KM0506

Hydrothermal manganese oxide rocks were collected via dredge from the Tulaga Seamount, the flank of Ofu Island, and from Soso seamount in the Samoa hotspot region offshore American Samoa during the KM0506 cruise aboard the R/V Kilo Moana in April of 2005. Rocks were subsampled at USGS and analyzed for mineralogy by x-ray diffraction as well as sent to SGS laboratories, Canada for major...
By
Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Global ferromanganese crust and abyssal ferromanganese nodule prospective occurrence regions Global ferromanganese crust and abyssal ferromanganese nodule prospective occurrence regions

This data release is a polygon shapefile representing prospective occurrence regions of ferromanganese crusts and abyssal ferromanganese nodules on the seafloor throughout the global oceans. Polygons represent areas where oceanographic criteria, such as low sedimentation rate and moderate primary productivity, overlap with geologic criteria, including regions with appropriate seafloor...
By
Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Geochemistry of ferromanganese crusts, nodules, and hydrothermally altered rocks from the Arctic Ocean Geochemistry of ferromanganese crusts, nodules, and hydrothermally altered rocks from the Arctic Ocean

Ferromanganese crusts, nodules, and hydrothermally altered rocks were collected via dredge within the Amerasia Basin in the Arctic Ocean during USCGC icebreaker Healy cruises HLY0805, HLY0905, and HLY1202 in 2008, 2009, and 2012 respectively. Dredged samples were donated and sent to USGS for subsampling and major and trace element geochemical analyses. Major and trace element data as...
By
Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Measurements of zinc, oxygen, and pH, from sphalerite and ZnS oxidation in seawater Measurements of zinc, oxygen, and pH, from sphalerite and ZnS oxidation in seawater

This data release presents the concentration of zinc, oxygen, pH, temperature, and the time point at which measurements were taken for experimental oxidation work regarding zinc and copper sulfide minerals. These data accompany the following publication: Gartman, A., Whisman, S.P., and Hein, J.R., 2020, Interactive oxidation of sphalerite and covellite in seawater: implications for...
By
Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Sorbed-water (H2O-) corrected chemistry for ferromanganese crust samples from the western equatorial Pacific Ocean Sorbed-water (H2O-) corrected chemistry for ferromanganese crust samples from the western equatorial Pacific Ocean

Ferromanganese crust samples were collected via dredge during four oceanographic research cruises to the western equatorial Pacific Ocean. The location (latitude, longitude, depth) and concentrations of 27 major and trace elements in the most recent growth layers of ferromanganese crusts from 57 dredge sites are presented here, as well as select seawater chemistry at each location. These...
By
Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
No results found.
Filter Total Items: 168

Comparison of the partitioning behaviours of yttrium, rare earth elements, and titanium between hydrogenetic marine ferromanganese crusts and seawater Comparison of the partitioning behaviours of yttrium, rare earth elements, and titanium between hydrogenetic marine ferromanganese crusts and seawater

In order to evaluate details of the partitioning behaviours of Y, rare earth elements (REEs), and Ti between inorganic metal oxide surfaces and seawater, we studied the distribution of these elements in hydrogenetic marine ferromanganese (Fe-Mn) crusts from the Central Pacific Ocean. Nonphosphatized Fe-Mn crusts display shale-normalized rare earths and yttrium (REYSN) patterns (Y...
Authors
Michael Bau, Andrea Koschinsky, Peter Dulski, James R. Hein
By
Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Ferromanganese crusts as indicators for paleoceanographic events in the NE Atlantic Ferromanganese crusts as indicators for paleoceanographic events in the NE Atlantic

Hydrogenetic ferromanganese crusts reflect the chemical conditions of the sewater from which they formed. Fine-scale geochemical analysis of crust layers in combination with age determinations can therefore be used to investigate paleoceanographic changes which are recorded in geochemical gradients in the crusts. At Tropic seamount (off northwest Africa), uniform crust growth influenced...
Authors
A. Koschinsky, P. Halbach, J.R. Hein, A. Mangini

238U-234U-230Th chronometry of Fe-Mn crusts: Growth processes and recovery of thorium isotopic ratios of seawater 238U-234U-230Th chronometry of Fe-Mn crusts: Growth processes and recovery of thorium isotopic ratios of seawater

Comparison of (234U) excess⁄(238U) and (230Th⁄232Th) activity ratios in oceanic Fe-Mn deposits provides a method for assessing the closed-system behaviour of 238U-234U-230Th, as well as variations in the initial uranium and thorium isotopic ratios of the precipitated metal oxides. This approach is illustrated using a Fe-Mn crust from Lotab seamount (Marshall Islands, west equatorial...
Authors
F. Chabaux, A.S. Cohen, R. K. O’Nions, J.R. Hein

Chemically diverse, sporadic volcanism at seamounts offshore southern and Baja California Chemically diverse, sporadic volcanism at seamounts offshore southern and Baja California

Compositions of lavas from seven small to medium-sized seamounts, between lat 34.0°N and 30.5°N offshore southern and Baja California, include low-K2O tholeiitic, transitional, and mildly to moderately alkalic basalt and their differentiates. The low-K2O tholeiites resemble primitive (>9% MgO) mid-oceanic-ridge basalt (MORB) with low incompatible element abundances and very depleted...
Authors
A. S. Davis, S.H. Gunn, W.A. Bohrson, L.-B. Gray, J.R. Hein

Diagenesis of diatomite from the Kolubara Coal Basin, Baroševac, Serbia Diagenesis of diatomite from the Kolubara Coal Basin, Baroševac, Serbia

Diatomite associated with the Kolubara Coal Basin was studied to better understand early stage silica diagenesis of shallow water deposits. The Kolubara Basin consists of Neogene siliciclastic rocks, diatomite, marlstone and rare carbonates. Palaeozoic metamorphic and Mesozoic sedimentary and igneous basement rocks are transgressively overlain by Upper Miocene sandstone, siltstone, shale...
Authors
J. Obradovic, James R. Hein, J. Djurdjevic

Composition and origin of hydrothermal ironstones from central Pacific seamounts Composition and origin of hydrothermal ironstones from central Pacific seamounts

Ironstones recovered from five Late Cretaceous seamounts in the central Pacific region probably formed during late-stage edifice-building volcanism. Ironstones are dense and compact with the appearance of brown chert. The ironstones are characterized by a goethite mineralogy with FeOOH contents up to 88%, extreme fractionation of Fe and Mn, low trace-element and rare earth element...
Authors
J.R. Hein, Y. Hsueh-Wen, S.H. Gunn, A. E. Gibbs, W. Chung-ho

Data and results from R.V. Aleksandr Vinogradov cruises 91-AV-19/1, North Pacific hydrochemistry transect; 91-AV-19/2, North Equatorial Pacific Karin Ridge Fe-Mn crust studies; and 91-AV-19/4, Northwest Pacific and Bering Sea sediment geochemistry and pal Data and results from R.V. Aleksandr Vinogradov cruises 91-AV-19/1, North Pacific hydrochemistry transect; 91-AV-19/2, North Equatorial Pacific Karin Ridge Fe-Mn crust studies; and 91-AV-19/4, Northwest Pacific and Bering Sea sediment geochemistry and pal

No abstract available.
Authors
A.S. Bychkov, A. E. Gibbs

Two major Cenozoic episodes of phosphogenesis recorded in equatorial Pacific seamount deposits Two major Cenozoic episodes of phosphogenesis recorded in equatorial Pacific seamount deposits

Seamount phosphorites have been recognized since the 1950s, but this is the first study to provide an in depth exploration of the origin and history of these widespread deposits. Representative samples from equatorial Pacific Cretaceous seamounts were analyzed for chemical, mineralogical, and stable isotope compositions. The phosphorites occur in a wide variety of forms, but most...
Authors
J.R. Hein, Yeh Hsueh-Wen, S.H. Gunn, W.V. Sliter, L.M. Benninger, Wang Chung-Ho

Hydrothermal palygorskite and ferromanganese mineralization at a central California margin fracture zone Hydrothermal palygorskite and ferromanganese mineralization at a central California margin fracture zone

Ferromanganese oxyhydroxide crusts and nodules associated with palygorskite were recovered from the Santa Lucia Escarpment where the Morro Fracture Zone intersects the central California continental margin. Palygorskite was found in pure, high-Mg, low-Al, boxwork-textured veins, and disseminated in poorly consolidated palygorskite-rich mudstone. The purity of the palygorskite boxwork...
Authors
A. E. Gibbs, J.R. Hein, S.D. Lewis, D. S. McCulloch

Geology, geophysics, geochemistry, and deep-sea mineral deposits, Federated States of Micronesia: KORDI-USGS R.V. Farnella Cruise F11-90-CP Geology, geophysics, geochemistry, and deep-sea mineral deposits, Federated States of Micronesia: KORDI-USGS R.V. Farnella Cruise F11-90-CP

No abstract available.
Authors
James R. Hein, Jung-Ho Ahn, J.C. Wong, Jung-Keuk Kang, V. K. Smith, Suk-Hoon Yoon, W. M. d’Angelo, Sang-Ok Yoo, A. E. Gibbs, Han-Joon Kim, P. J. Quinterno, Moon-Young Jung, A. S. Davis, Byong-Kwon Park, J.R. Gillison, M. S. Marlow, M. S. Schulz, D. F. Siems, J. E. Taggart, Norma Rait, L. G. Pickthorn, M.J. Malcolm, M. G. Kavulak, Hsueh-Wen Yeh, D. M. Mann, M.A. Noble, G. O. Riddle, B. H. Roushey, Hezekiah Smith

Dolomitization of Quaternary reef limestones, Aitutaki, Cook Islands Dolomitization of Quaternary reef limestones, Aitutaki, Cook Islands

Six holes were drilled to depths of 30–69 m in the shallow lagoon of Aitutaki in the southern Cook Islands. One hole encountered pervasively dolomitized reef limestones at 36 m subbottom depth, which extended to the base of the drilled section at 69·3 m. This hole was drilled near the inner edge of the present barrier reef flat on the flank of a seismically defined subsurface ridge. Both...
Authors
James R. Hein, S.C. Gray, B. M. Richmond, L. D. White

Geochronology and subsurface stratigraphy of Pukapuka and Rakahanga atolls, Cook Islands: Late Quaternary reef growth and sea level history Geochronology and subsurface stratigraphy of Pukapuka and Rakahanga atolls, Cook Islands: Late Quaternary reef growth and sea level history

Eustatic sea-level cycles superposed on thermal subsidence of an atoll produce layers of high sea-level reefs separated by erosional unconformities. Coral samples from these reefs from cores drilled to 50 m beneath the lagoons of Pukapuka and Rakahanga atolls, northern Cook Islands give electron spin resonance (ESR) and U-series ages ranging from the Holocene to 600,000 yr B.P. Subgroups...
Authors
S.C. Gray, J.R. Hein, R. Hausmann, U. Radtke
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