John Piatt, Ph.D. (Former Employee)
Science and Products
Seabirds and Forage Fish Ecology
Alaska's coastal and offshore waters provide foraging habitat for an estimated 100 million birds comprising more than 90 different species; from loons and seaducks that nest inland, to petrels and puffins that breed on islands off shore. All these birds depend on the sea to provide a wide variety of food types— from clams, crabs and urchins nearshore— to krill, forage fish, and squid offshore. The...
Harmful Algal Bloom Toxins in Alaska Seabirds
Elevated ocean temperatures are linked to the development of harmful algal blooms (HABs). Toxins from these blooms may pose health threats to marine organisms, including seabirds. Since 2015, the USGS has worked with a variety of stakeholders to develop testing methods and research projects to better understand the geographic extent, timing and impacts of algal toxins in Alaska marine ecosystems...
North Pacific Pelagic Seabird Database
The North Pacific Pelagic Seabird Database (NPPSD) contains survey transect data designed and conducted by numerous partners primarily to census seabirds at sea. The NPPSD includes more than 486,000 transect segments and includes observations of over 20 million birds of 258 species collected over the span of 50 years (from 1973 to 2022).
Tracking Data for Kittlitz's Murrelet (Brachyramphus brevirostris)
Available here are tracking data for the Kittlitz’s murrelet, a rare seabird species that nests solitarily on the ground in barren, often alpine areas near the North Pacific and Bering Sea.
Detecting Long-term Changes in Forage Fish Populations in Prince William Sound, Alaska
Forage fish are small pelagic schooling fish that play a key role in transferring energy between plankton and top marine predators. Many seabirds, marine mammals, and commercial fish species depend on forage fish to grow and survive.
Tidewater Glacier Influence on Marine Ecosystems
Where glaciers meet the sea in the Gulf of Alaska (GOA), they create unique and productive marine habitats. Ringed by the continent’s tallest coastal mountains, 20% of the GOA coastal watershed is covered by glacial ice and the annual freshwater discharge into the GOA from glacial melt is comparable to that of the Mississippi river.
Alaska Forage Fish Database
The Alaska Forage Fish Database is a consolidation of survey catch data and predator diets from multiple partners including USGS Alaska Science Center, NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service Alaska Fisheries Science Center, USFWS Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska Department of Fish and Game, and others. The spatial coverage of the database encompasses the coastal and offshore...
Seabird Die-offs in Alaska
Beginning in 2015, large numbers of dead seabirds have been appearing on beaches in most marine areas of Alaska. Although seabird die-offs are known to occur sporadically (e.g. 1970, 1989, 1993, 1997/1998, and 2004) in Alaska, these recent die-offs have been distinguished from past events by their increased frequency, duration, geographic extent, and number of different species involved.
Cook Inlet Seabird and Forage Fish Study
A massive die-off of Common Murres was documented in the Gulf of Alaska (GOA) during the fall and winter of 2015-2016 in association with a record-breaking marine heat wave in the GOA.
Use and History of the North Pacific Pelagic Seabird Database (NPPSD)
Data on the distribution and abundance of seabirds at sea have been used for many decades to assist in understanding the marine ecology of seabirds away from their breeding colonies, measure population status and trends, assess the impact of human activities on ocean habitats and fish stocks, and to identify critical marine habitats for seabirds.
Condition of Forage Fish in Prince William Sound During the Marine Heatwave
Changes in the body condition of a key forage fish species, Pacific sand lance ( Ammodytes personatus), are examined to understand how energy transfer to predators may have been disrupted during the recent marine heatwave in the North Pacific (late 2013 to mid 2016).
NPPSD Sampling Effort Maps
Maps showing the sampling extent in the North Pacific Pelagic Seabird Database (NPPSD).
Filter Total Items: 19
No Result Found
Filter Total Items: 200
Ground-nesting marine birds and potential for human disturbance in Glacier Bay National Park Ground-nesting marine birds and potential for human disturbance in Glacier Bay National Park
Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve contains a diverse assemblage of marine birds that use the area for nesting, foraging and molting. The abundance and diversity of marine bird species in Glacier Bay is unmatched in the region, due in part to the geomorphic and successional characteristics that result in a wide array of habitat types (Robards and others, 2003). The opportunity for...
Authors
Mayumi L. Arimitsu, Marc D. Romano, John F. Piatt
Energy density and variability in abundance of pigeon guillemot prey: Support for the quality-variability trade-off hypothesis Energy density and variability in abundance of pigeon guillemot prey: Support for the quality-variability trade-off hypothesis
1. The quality-variability trade-off hypothesis predicts that (i) energy density (kJ g-1) and spatial-temporal variability in abundance are positively correlated in nearshore marine fishes; and (ii) prey selection by a nearshore piscivore, the pigeon guillemot (Cepphus columba Pallas), is negatively affected by variability in abundance. 2. We tested these predictions with data from a 4...
Authors
Michael A. Litzow, John F. Piatt, Alisa A. Abookire, Martin D. Robards
Spatiotemporal predictability of schooling and nonschooling prey of Pigeon Guillemots Spatiotemporal predictability of schooling and nonschooling prey of Pigeon Guillemots
Low spatiotemporal variability in the abundance of nonschooling prey might allow Pigeon Guillemots (Cepphus columba) to maintain the high chick provisioning rates that are characteristic of the species. We tested predictions of this hypothesis with data collected with beach seines and scuba and hydroacoustic surveys in Kachemak Bay, Alaska, during 1996–1999. Coefficients of variability...
Authors
Michael A. Litzow, John F. Piatt, Alisa A. Abookire, Suzann G. Speckman, Mayumi L. Arimitsu, Jared D. Figurski
Small boats disturb fish-holding marbled murrelets Small boats disturb fish-holding marbled murrelets
Disturbance of seabirds by people at nesting colonies can reduce reproductive success and alter population demographics (Vermeer and Rankin 1984). In response to disturbance, adult seabirds may increase the incidence of alarm postures and alarm calling (Burger and Gochfeld 1993), increase heart and breathing rates (Culik and others 1990; Wilson and others 1991), reduce attendance of nest...
Authors
Suzann G. Speckman, John F. Piatt, Alan M. Springer
Field guide to identifying Kittlitz's Murrelet forage fish Field guide to identifying Kittlitz's Murrelet forage fish
No abstract available.
Authors
Mayumi L. Arimitsu, John F. Piatt
Identifying marine bird distribution and evaluating visitor impacts Identifying marine bird distribution and evaluating visitor impacts
No abstract available.
Authors
Mayumi L. Arimitsu, Marc D. Romano, John F. Piatt
Population status of Kittlitz's and Marbled Murrelets and surveys for other marine bird and mammal species in the Kenai Fjords area, Alaska Population status of Kittlitz's and Marbled Murrelets and surveys for other marine bird and mammal species in the Kenai Fjords area, Alaska
The Kittlitz's murrelet (Brachyramphus brevirostris) is a rare seabird that nests in alpine terrain and generally forages near tidewater glaciers during the breeding season. More than 95% of the global population breeds in Alaska, with the remainder occurring in the Russian Far East. A global population estimate using best-available data in the early 1990s was 20,000 individuals. However...
Authors
Thomas I. van Pelt, John F. Piatt
A genetic study to aid in restoration of murres, guillemots and murrelets to the Gulf of Alaska A genetic study to aid in restoration of murres, guillemots and murrelets to the Gulf of Alaska
Genetic data are needed to aid in restoring several species of seabirds to the Gulf of Alaska. We analyzed sequence variation in mitochondrial DNA, microsatellite DNA and nuclear introns in samples of commom murres (Uria aalge), pigeon guillemots (Cepphus columba) and marbled murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus) from throughout the North Pacific. Data were analyzed using traditional...
Authors
Vicki L. Friesen, John F. Piatt
Inventory of marine and estuarine fishes in southeast and central Alaska National Parks Inventory of marine and estuarine fishes in southeast and central Alaska National Parks
As part of a national inventory program funded by the National Park Service, we conducted an inventory of marine and estuarine fishes in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve, Sitka National Historical Park, and Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park in 2001 and 2002. In addition, marine fish data from a previous project that focused...
Authors
Mayumi L. Arimitsu, Michael A. Litzow, John F. Piatt, Martin D. Robards, Alisa A. Abookire, Gary S. Drew
Seabird, fisheries, marine mammal, and oceanographic investigations around Kasatochi, Koniuji, and Ulak Islands, August 1996 (SMMOCI 96-3) Seabird, fisheries, marine mammal, and oceanographic investigations around Kasatochi, Koniuji, and Ulak Islands, August 1996 (SMMOCI 96-3)
Although islands in the Aleutians are known to support some of the highest densities of seabirds in the world, their remoteness has limited systematic research on the at-sea distribution of seabirds near these colonies. Kasatochi, Koniuji, and Ulak islands, in the central Aleutian Islands, together comprise one of nine ecological sites monitored once every 5 years on an annual rotation...
Authors
Gary S. Drew, John F. Piatt, G. Vernon Byrd, Donald E. Dragoo
Ecology of selected marine communities in Glacier Bay: Zooplankton, forage fish, seabirds and marine mammals Ecology of selected marine communities in Glacier Bay: Zooplankton, forage fish, seabirds and marine mammals
We studied oceanography (including primary production), secondary production, small schooling fish (SSF), and marine bird and mammal predators in Glacier Bay during 1999 and 2000. Results from these field efforts were combined with a review of current literature relating to the Glacier Bay environment. Since the conceptual model developed by Hale and Wright (1979) ‘changes and cycles’...
Authors
Martin D. Robards, Gary S. Drew, John F. Piatt, Jennifer Marie Anson, Alisa A. Abookire, James L. Bodkin, Philip N. Hooge, Suzann G. Speckman
Benefits and costs of increased levels of corticosterone in seabird chicks Benefits and costs of increased levels of corticosterone in seabird chicks
Seabird chicks respond to food shortages by increasing corticosterone (cort) secretion, which is probably associated with fitness benefits and costs. To examine this, we experimentally increased levels of circulating cort in captive black-legged kittiwake chicks fed ad libitum. We found that cort-implanted chicks begged more frequently and were more aggressive compared to controls. These
Authors
A.S. Kitaysky, E.V. Kitaiskaia, John F. Piatt, J.C. Wingfield
Science and Products
Seabirds and Forage Fish Ecology
Alaska's coastal and offshore waters provide foraging habitat for an estimated 100 million birds comprising more than 90 different species; from loons and seaducks that nest inland, to petrels and puffins that breed on islands off shore. All these birds depend on the sea to provide a wide variety of food types— from clams, crabs and urchins nearshore— to krill, forage fish, and squid offshore. The...
Harmful Algal Bloom Toxins in Alaska Seabirds
Elevated ocean temperatures are linked to the development of harmful algal blooms (HABs). Toxins from these blooms may pose health threats to marine organisms, including seabirds. Since 2015, the USGS has worked with a variety of stakeholders to develop testing methods and research projects to better understand the geographic extent, timing and impacts of algal toxins in Alaska marine ecosystems...
North Pacific Pelagic Seabird Database
The North Pacific Pelagic Seabird Database (NPPSD) contains survey transect data designed and conducted by numerous partners primarily to census seabirds at sea. The NPPSD includes more than 486,000 transect segments and includes observations of over 20 million birds of 258 species collected over the span of 50 years (from 1973 to 2022).
Tracking Data for Kittlitz's Murrelet (Brachyramphus brevirostris)
Available here are tracking data for the Kittlitz’s murrelet, a rare seabird species that nests solitarily on the ground in barren, often alpine areas near the North Pacific and Bering Sea.
Detecting Long-term Changes in Forage Fish Populations in Prince William Sound, Alaska
Forage fish are small pelagic schooling fish that play a key role in transferring energy between plankton and top marine predators. Many seabirds, marine mammals, and commercial fish species depend on forage fish to grow and survive.
Tidewater Glacier Influence on Marine Ecosystems
Where glaciers meet the sea in the Gulf of Alaska (GOA), they create unique and productive marine habitats. Ringed by the continent’s tallest coastal mountains, 20% of the GOA coastal watershed is covered by glacial ice and the annual freshwater discharge into the GOA from glacial melt is comparable to that of the Mississippi river.
Alaska Forage Fish Database
The Alaska Forage Fish Database is a consolidation of survey catch data and predator diets from multiple partners including USGS Alaska Science Center, NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service Alaska Fisheries Science Center, USFWS Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska Department of Fish and Game, and others. The spatial coverage of the database encompasses the coastal and offshore...
Seabird Die-offs in Alaska
Beginning in 2015, large numbers of dead seabirds have been appearing on beaches in most marine areas of Alaska. Although seabird die-offs are known to occur sporadically (e.g. 1970, 1989, 1993, 1997/1998, and 2004) in Alaska, these recent die-offs have been distinguished from past events by their increased frequency, duration, geographic extent, and number of different species involved.
Cook Inlet Seabird and Forage Fish Study
A massive die-off of Common Murres was documented in the Gulf of Alaska (GOA) during the fall and winter of 2015-2016 in association with a record-breaking marine heat wave in the GOA.
Use and History of the North Pacific Pelagic Seabird Database (NPPSD)
Data on the distribution and abundance of seabirds at sea have been used for many decades to assist in understanding the marine ecology of seabirds away from their breeding colonies, measure population status and trends, assess the impact of human activities on ocean habitats and fish stocks, and to identify critical marine habitats for seabirds.
Condition of Forage Fish in Prince William Sound During the Marine Heatwave
Changes in the body condition of a key forage fish species, Pacific sand lance ( Ammodytes personatus), are examined to understand how energy transfer to predators may have been disrupted during the recent marine heatwave in the North Pacific (late 2013 to mid 2016).
NPPSD Sampling Effort Maps
Maps showing the sampling extent in the North Pacific Pelagic Seabird Database (NPPSD).
Filter Total Items: 19
No Result Found
Filter Total Items: 200
Ground-nesting marine birds and potential for human disturbance in Glacier Bay National Park Ground-nesting marine birds and potential for human disturbance in Glacier Bay National Park
Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve contains a diverse assemblage of marine birds that use the area for nesting, foraging and molting. The abundance and diversity of marine bird species in Glacier Bay is unmatched in the region, due in part to the geomorphic and successional characteristics that result in a wide array of habitat types (Robards and others, 2003). The opportunity for...
Authors
Mayumi L. Arimitsu, Marc D. Romano, John F. Piatt
Energy density and variability in abundance of pigeon guillemot prey: Support for the quality-variability trade-off hypothesis Energy density and variability in abundance of pigeon guillemot prey: Support for the quality-variability trade-off hypothesis
1. The quality-variability trade-off hypothesis predicts that (i) energy density (kJ g-1) and spatial-temporal variability in abundance are positively correlated in nearshore marine fishes; and (ii) prey selection by a nearshore piscivore, the pigeon guillemot (Cepphus columba Pallas), is negatively affected by variability in abundance. 2. We tested these predictions with data from a 4...
Authors
Michael A. Litzow, John F. Piatt, Alisa A. Abookire, Martin D. Robards
Spatiotemporal predictability of schooling and nonschooling prey of Pigeon Guillemots Spatiotemporal predictability of schooling and nonschooling prey of Pigeon Guillemots
Low spatiotemporal variability in the abundance of nonschooling prey might allow Pigeon Guillemots (Cepphus columba) to maintain the high chick provisioning rates that are characteristic of the species. We tested predictions of this hypothesis with data collected with beach seines and scuba and hydroacoustic surveys in Kachemak Bay, Alaska, during 1996–1999. Coefficients of variability...
Authors
Michael A. Litzow, John F. Piatt, Alisa A. Abookire, Suzann G. Speckman, Mayumi L. Arimitsu, Jared D. Figurski
Small boats disturb fish-holding marbled murrelets Small boats disturb fish-holding marbled murrelets
Disturbance of seabirds by people at nesting colonies can reduce reproductive success and alter population demographics (Vermeer and Rankin 1984). In response to disturbance, adult seabirds may increase the incidence of alarm postures and alarm calling (Burger and Gochfeld 1993), increase heart and breathing rates (Culik and others 1990; Wilson and others 1991), reduce attendance of nest...
Authors
Suzann G. Speckman, John F. Piatt, Alan M. Springer
Field guide to identifying Kittlitz's Murrelet forage fish Field guide to identifying Kittlitz's Murrelet forage fish
No abstract available.
Authors
Mayumi L. Arimitsu, John F. Piatt
Identifying marine bird distribution and evaluating visitor impacts Identifying marine bird distribution and evaluating visitor impacts
No abstract available.
Authors
Mayumi L. Arimitsu, Marc D. Romano, John F. Piatt
Population status of Kittlitz's and Marbled Murrelets and surveys for other marine bird and mammal species in the Kenai Fjords area, Alaska Population status of Kittlitz's and Marbled Murrelets and surveys for other marine bird and mammal species in the Kenai Fjords area, Alaska
The Kittlitz's murrelet (Brachyramphus brevirostris) is a rare seabird that nests in alpine terrain and generally forages near tidewater glaciers during the breeding season. More than 95% of the global population breeds in Alaska, with the remainder occurring in the Russian Far East. A global population estimate using best-available data in the early 1990s was 20,000 individuals. However...
Authors
Thomas I. van Pelt, John F. Piatt
A genetic study to aid in restoration of murres, guillemots and murrelets to the Gulf of Alaska A genetic study to aid in restoration of murres, guillemots and murrelets to the Gulf of Alaska
Genetic data are needed to aid in restoring several species of seabirds to the Gulf of Alaska. We analyzed sequence variation in mitochondrial DNA, microsatellite DNA and nuclear introns in samples of commom murres (Uria aalge), pigeon guillemots (Cepphus columba) and marbled murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus) from throughout the North Pacific. Data were analyzed using traditional...
Authors
Vicki L. Friesen, John F. Piatt
Inventory of marine and estuarine fishes in southeast and central Alaska National Parks Inventory of marine and estuarine fishes in southeast and central Alaska National Parks
As part of a national inventory program funded by the National Park Service, we conducted an inventory of marine and estuarine fishes in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve, Sitka National Historical Park, and Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park in 2001 and 2002. In addition, marine fish data from a previous project that focused...
Authors
Mayumi L. Arimitsu, Michael A. Litzow, John F. Piatt, Martin D. Robards, Alisa A. Abookire, Gary S. Drew
Seabird, fisheries, marine mammal, and oceanographic investigations around Kasatochi, Koniuji, and Ulak Islands, August 1996 (SMMOCI 96-3) Seabird, fisheries, marine mammal, and oceanographic investigations around Kasatochi, Koniuji, and Ulak Islands, August 1996 (SMMOCI 96-3)
Although islands in the Aleutians are known to support some of the highest densities of seabirds in the world, their remoteness has limited systematic research on the at-sea distribution of seabirds near these colonies. Kasatochi, Koniuji, and Ulak islands, in the central Aleutian Islands, together comprise one of nine ecological sites monitored once every 5 years on an annual rotation...
Authors
Gary S. Drew, John F. Piatt, G. Vernon Byrd, Donald E. Dragoo
Ecology of selected marine communities in Glacier Bay: Zooplankton, forage fish, seabirds and marine mammals Ecology of selected marine communities in Glacier Bay: Zooplankton, forage fish, seabirds and marine mammals
We studied oceanography (including primary production), secondary production, small schooling fish (SSF), and marine bird and mammal predators in Glacier Bay during 1999 and 2000. Results from these field efforts were combined with a review of current literature relating to the Glacier Bay environment. Since the conceptual model developed by Hale and Wright (1979) ‘changes and cycles’...
Authors
Martin D. Robards, Gary S. Drew, John F. Piatt, Jennifer Marie Anson, Alisa A. Abookire, James L. Bodkin, Philip N. Hooge, Suzann G. Speckman
Benefits and costs of increased levels of corticosterone in seabird chicks Benefits and costs of increased levels of corticosterone in seabird chicks
Seabird chicks respond to food shortages by increasing corticosterone (cort) secretion, which is probably associated with fitness benefits and costs. To examine this, we experimentally increased levels of circulating cort in captive black-legged kittiwake chicks fed ad libitum. We found that cort-implanted chicks begged more frequently and were more aggressive compared to controls. These
Authors
A.S. Kitaysky, E.V. Kitaiskaia, John F. Piatt, J.C. Wingfield
*Disclaimer: Listing outside positions with professional scientific organizations on this Staff Profile are for informational purposes only and do not constitute an endorsement of those professional scientific organizations or their activities by the USGS, Department of the Interior, or U.S. Government