Tim R. Orr
Physical volcanology and eruption dynamics of basaltic volcanoes, principally Kīlauea volcano, Hawaii, and the Bering Sea Basalt Province, Alaska. Eruptive histories and hazards of Hawaiian and Alaska volcanoes.
My position as a Research Geologist at the Alaska Volcano Observatory focuses on fundamental research on eruption and flow field processes to understand hazards better and improve forecasts, first in Hawaiʻi and now in Alaska. My work entails observing and measuring eruptive activity as part of operational monitoring and through directed field studies to analyze the data collected to gain fundamental insights into eruptive phenomena in Hawaiʻi, Alaska, and worldwide.
In addition, a fundamental part of my position is the monitoring of, and response to, volcanic unrest and eruptions. I serve as a 24/7 on-call duty scientist and duty remote sensor at AVO periodically throughout the year, and more often as needed during eruption crises, with primary responsibility for assessing volcanic activity daily and issuing hazard alerts. Because of my previous experience at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, I am also called upon to help with eruption response efforts in Hawaiʻi, when needed.
Professional Experience
Research Geologist, USGS Alaska Volcano Observatory, June 2017–Present
Research Geologist, USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, May 2016–June 2017
Operational Geologist, USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, June 2005–May 2016
Physical Science Technician, University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo, November 2002–June 2005
Education and Certifications
University of Hawaii at Manoa, PH.D. (2015) – Geology and Geophysics
Northern Arizona University, M.S. (1997) – Geology
University of Montana, B.A. (1995) – Geology
University of Montana, B.A. (1993) – Geography
Affiliations and Memberships*
American Geophysical Union
Geological Society of America
International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth’s Interior
Science and Products
Petrologic testament to changes in shallow magma storage and transport during 30+ years of recharge and eruption at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i Petrologic testament to changes in shallow magma storage and transport during 30+ years of recharge and eruption at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i
Kilauea's 5-9 March 2011 Kamoamoa fissure eruption and its relation to 30+ years of activity from Pu'u 'Ō'ō Kilauea's 5-9 March 2011 Kamoamoa fissure eruption and its relation to 30+ years of activity from Pu'u 'Ō'ō
Onset of a basaltic explosive eruption from Kīlauea’s summit in 2008 Onset of a basaltic explosive eruption from Kīlauea’s summit in 2008
A sinuous tumulus over an active lava tube at Kīlauea Volcano: evolution, analogs, and hazard forecasts A sinuous tumulus over an active lava tube at Kīlauea Volcano: evolution, analogs, and hazard forecasts
Identifying hazards associated with lava deltas Identifying hazards associated with lava deltas
The June-July 2007 collapse and refilling of Puʻu ʻŌʻō Crater, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi The June-July 2007 collapse and refilling of Puʻu ʻŌʻō Crater, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi
Continuous monitoring of Hawaiian volcanoes with thermal cameras Continuous monitoring of Hawaiian volcanoes with thermal cameras
The first five years of Kīlauea’s summit eruption in Halema‘uma‘u Crater, 2008–2013 The first five years of Kīlauea’s summit eruption in Halema‘uma‘u Crater, 2008–2013
Continuous gravity measurements reveal a low-density lava lake at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i Continuous gravity measurements reveal a low-density lava lake at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i
Evolution of dike opening during the March 2011 Kamoamoa fissure eruption, Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai`i Evolution of dike opening during the March 2011 Kamoamoa fissure eruption, Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai`i
The ongoing Puʻu ʻŌʻō eruption of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi: 30 years of eruptive activity The ongoing Puʻu ʻŌʻō eruption of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi: 30 years of eruptive activity
Convection in a volcanic conduit recorded by bubbles Convection in a volcanic conduit recorded by bubbles
Science and Products
Petrologic testament to changes in shallow magma storage and transport during 30+ years of recharge and eruption at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i Petrologic testament to changes in shallow magma storage and transport during 30+ years of recharge and eruption at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i
Kilauea's 5-9 March 2011 Kamoamoa fissure eruption and its relation to 30+ years of activity from Pu'u 'Ō'ō Kilauea's 5-9 March 2011 Kamoamoa fissure eruption and its relation to 30+ years of activity from Pu'u 'Ō'ō
Onset of a basaltic explosive eruption from Kīlauea’s summit in 2008 Onset of a basaltic explosive eruption from Kīlauea’s summit in 2008
A sinuous tumulus over an active lava tube at Kīlauea Volcano: evolution, analogs, and hazard forecasts A sinuous tumulus over an active lava tube at Kīlauea Volcano: evolution, analogs, and hazard forecasts
Identifying hazards associated with lava deltas Identifying hazards associated with lava deltas
The June-July 2007 collapse and refilling of Puʻu ʻŌʻō Crater, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi The June-July 2007 collapse and refilling of Puʻu ʻŌʻō Crater, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi
Continuous monitoring of Hawaiian volcanoes with thermal cameras Continuous monitoring of Hawaiian volcanoes with thermal cameras
The first five years of Kīlauea’s summit eruption in Halema‘uma‘u Crater, 2008–2013 The first five years of Kīlauea’s summit eruption in Halema‘uma‘u Crater, 2008–2013
Continuous gravity measurements reveal a low-density lava lake at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i Continuous gravity measurements reveal a low-density lava lake at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i
Evolution of dike opening during the March 2011 Kamoamoa fissure eruption, Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai`i Evolution of dike opening during the March 2011 Kamoamoa fissure eruption, Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai`i
The ongoing Puʻu ʻŌʻō eruption of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi: 30 years of eruptive activity The ongoing Puʻu ʻŌʻō eruption of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi: 30 years of eruptive activity
Convection in a volcanic conduit recorded by bubbles Convection in a volcanic conduit recorded by bubbles
*Disclaimer: Listing outside positions with professional scientific organizations on this Staff Profile are for informational purposes only and do not constitute an endorsement of those professional scientific organizations or their activities by the USGS, Department of the Interior, or U.S. Government