Skip to main content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

March 2, 2026

Increasing modern fire is occurring against the backdrop of a large fire deficit created by fire exclusion since circa 1900. In a new study, researchers describe and apply new tree-ring methods to ask whether historically frequent fire regimes can be restored in two Southwest wilderness areas. 

Media
a yellow to orange color gradient on two maps, with dot and line overlays displaying sampling locations
Modern fire frequency derived from fire atlas maps and the locations of tree-ring fire-scar sampling plots in (A) the Saguaro Wilderness study area atop Mica Mountain in southern Arizona and (B) the Gila Wilderness study area in the White Creek Watershed in southern New Mexico. Fire atlas data cover the period 1937–2016 for Saguaro (maximum number of times burned = 10) and 1909–2016 for Gila (maximum number of times burned = 8). Figure from Farris and others (2026).

Researchers found that networks of tree-ring fire-scar sites can accurately reconstruct the area burned of mapped modern fires. 

Multi-century tree-ring reconstructions of annual area burned revealed that modern area burned is back within the historical range of variability in the Gila Wilderness and trending toward historical levels in Saguaro National Park.

These results demonstrate that fire management, including prescribed fire and managed wildfires, can help restore the historically prevalent, ecologically important process of widespread, frequent, low-to-moderate-severity fire in dry conifer forests.

Was this page helpful?