Functional Genomics and Transcriptomics

An early organismal response to environmental stressors includes alternation of gene expression. Through examination of transcriptomes, or the set of all RNA molecules present at a particular time within an organism, genes (or gene systems) that are actively expressed can be identified, including those involved in environmental stress response. Ongoing research seeks to understand functional differences in gene expression among wild populations, in an effort to better understand the mechanisms that allow populations to cope with variable environments. Fast and inexpensive cellular assays that target cellular stress response genes can also be used in monitoring populations exposed to environmental stressors. This information will increase our understanding of the importance of local adaptations in maintaining resilient populations, and ultimately help guide management and restoration efforts.