Angola

Introduction

In 2024, Angola was the world's fourth-ranked producer of gem-quality natural diamond, accounting for 18% of global production, and sixth-ranked producer of industrial diamond, accounting for 3% of global production. Other mineral commodities produced in the country included cement, gypsum, lime, salt, sand and gravel, raw steel, and crushed stone. Data on mineral production are in the Production table (formerly table 1). Production of diamonds and other minerals contributed 2.3% to Angola’s gross domestic product (GDP). The petroleum extraction and refining sector was the largest contributor to Angola's economy accounting for 27.3% of the GDP. Angola's main diamonds export partners were the United Arab Emirates (which received 78% of the country’s diamond exports, by volume) and Belgium (20%). Mineral-related exports to the United States included diamond and mineral fuels (Banco Nacional de Angola, 2025, p. 32; Jornal de Angola, 2025; Ministerio das Finanças de Angola; Olson, 2026a, b; U.S. Census Bureau, 2025). 

The legislative framework for the mineral sector in Angola is provided by law No. 31/2011 (Mining Code) and Presidential Decree No. 143/2020. The Ministry of Mineral Resources, Oil, and Gas (MIREMPET) oversees the mineral sector and provides for the formulation, implementation, execution, control, and monitoring of the geologic, mineral, petroleum, natural gas, and biofuels activities such as prospection, exploration, development and production of minerals, crude petroleum, and natural gas in the country. Most mineral commodities were produced by joint ventures between state-owned companies and private companies. The Facilities table (formerly table 2) is a list of major mineral industry facilities (Imprensa Nacional de Angola, 2011, p. 4437; 2020, p. 3097; Ministério dos Recursos Minerais, Petróleo e Gás, 2025). More-extensive coverage of Government policies and programs can be found in previous editions of this chapter in the U.S. Geological Survey Minerals Yearbook, volume III, Area Reports—International—Africa and the Middle East, which are available in the "Publications" section below.

Commodity Review 

Diamond.—Angola’s diamond (gem and industrial) production in 2024 increased by 44% to approximately 14 million carats likely driven by new mining projects, high-grade discoveries, and the continuation of reforms aimed to diversify the country’s economy. The Luele diamond mine commenced mining operations in 2023, and in 2024 it produced an estimated 4.4 million carats. The Catoca diamond mine produced an estimate of 6.5 million carats and alongside Luele, contributed more than 80% of the country’s total diamond output. In 2024, the Lulo diamond mine produced five diamonds more than 100 carats, including a 203-carat stone. In February, De Beers Group of South Africa signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Angola’s National Agency for Mineral Resources, Endiama (Empresa Nacional de Diamantes de Angola) and Sodiam (Sociedade de Comercialização de Diamantes) to collaborate on the country’s diamond sector; later in the year, the company announced the discovery of eight kimberlite targets from airborne surveys. The MoU focused on reevaluating existing kimberlite deposits, expanding opportunities in alluvial diamond mining, promoting Angola’s diamonds, and supporting sustainable community development. At yearend 2024, the Government announced that ALROSA S.A. of Russia had agreed to sell its 41% stake in Angola's Catoca and Luele Mines to Maden International Group of the Sultanate of Oman owing to international sanctions imposed on Russia (Bloomberg, 2024; De Beers Group, 2024; ENDIAMA E.P., 2024a, b; 2025; Ferreira, 2024; Governo de Angola, 2024; Lucapa Diamond Company, 2025; Coco, 2025). 

Production table

(Metric tons, gross weight, unless otherwise specified)

• Bloomberg, 2024, Oman firm replaces sanctioned Alrosa in Angolan diamond miner:  

• Bloomberg, November 28. (Accessed June 18, 2026, at https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-11-28/oman-firm-replaces-s…). 

• De Beers Group, 2024, De Beers delivers promising progress with Angola exploration: London, United Kingdom, De Beers Group, October 23. (Accessed September 24, 2025, at https://www.debeersgroup.com/news-insights/business-market/2024/de-beer….) 

• ENDIAMA E.P., 2024a, ANRM, ENDIAMA and SODIAM sign strategic memorandum with De Beers: Luanda, Angola, ENDIAMA Press, February 7. (Accessed September 24, 2025, at https://en.endiamaimprensa.com/anrm-endiama-and-sodiam-sign-strategic-m….) 

• ENDIAMA E.P. 2024b, Luele produces over four million carats of diamonds: Luanda, Angola, ENDIAMA Press, December 2. (Accessed September 24, 2025, at https://en.endiamaimprensa.com/luele-produces-over-four-million-carats-….) 

• ENDIAMA E.P., 2025, ENDIAMA reports milestone achievements in 2024 diamond production and sets targets for 2025: Luanda, Angola, ENDIAMA Press, January 15. (Accessed September 24, 2025, at https://en.endiamaimprensa.com/diamonds-angola-produces-over-13-million….) 

• Ferreira, Hermenegildo, 2024, Mina de Catoca ja vale menos de metade da produção de diamantes em Angola [Catoca Mine is now worth less than half of Angola's diamond production]: Luanda, Angola, Jornal Expansão, December 26. (Accessed September 24, 2025, at 

• https://www.expansao.co.ao/empresas/detalhe/mina-da-catoca-ja-vale-meno….) [In Portuguese.] 

• Governo de Angola, 2024, Diamantífera Alrosa é substituída pela Maden Internacional Group [Diamond company Alrosa is replaced by Maden Internacional Group]: Luanda, Angola, Governo de Angola, November 28. (Accessed September 24, 2025, at https://governo.gov.ao/noticias/2071/governo/sector-mineiro/diamantifer….) [In Portuguese.] 

• Imprensa Nacional de Angola, 2011, Diário da República [Diary of the Republic]: Diário da República, Series 1, no. 184, September 23, p. 4437–4508 p. (Accessed September 24, 2025, via https://sodiam.co.ao/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Lei-que-Aprova-Codigo-M….) [In Portuguese.] 

• Imprensa Nacional de Angola, 2020, Diário da República [Diary of the Republic]: Diário da República, Series 1, no. 71, May 26, p. 3097–3100 p. (Accessed September 24, 2025, via https://files.lex.ao/presidente-da-republica/2020/decreto-presidencial-….) [In Portuguese.] 

• Jornal de Angola, 2025, Venda de diamantes rende usd 1,5 mil milhões [Diamond sales yield USD 1.5 billion]: Luanda, Angola, Jornal de Angola. (Accessed September 24, 2025, at https://www.jornaldeangola.ao/noticias/4/economia/633592/venda--de-diam…-.) [In Portuguese.] 

• Lucapa Diamond Company, 2025, Lulo alluvial mine: Luanda, Angola, Lucapa Diamond Company. (Accessed September 24, 2025, at https://www.lucapa.com.au/projects/lulo/.) 

• Ministerio das Finanças de Angola, 2025, Serie longa das contas nacionais trimestrais–PIB a preços correntes [Long series of quarterly national accounts-GDP at current prices]: Luanda, Angola, Ministerio das Finanças de Angola. [In Portuguese.] 

• Ministério dos Recursos Minerais, Petróleo e Gás, 2025, Sobre nos [About us]: Luanda, Angola, Ministério dos Recursos Minerais, Petróleo e Gás. (Accessed September 24, 2025, https://mirempet.gov.ao/web/sobrenos.) [In Portuguese.] 

• Coco, Makungu, 2025, Luele Mining aims for 6.7 million carats in 2025 amid strong production performance: Luanda, Angola, Angolan Mining Oil and Gas, May 13. (Accessed September 24, 2025, at https://angolanminingoilandgas.com/luele-mining-aims-for-6-7-million-ca….) 

• Olson, D.W., 2026a, Diamond: U.S. Geological Survey Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026, p. 74–75. 

• Olson, D.W., 2026b, Gemstones: U.S. Geological Survey Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026, p. 86–87. 

• U.S. Census Bureau, 2025, Product details and partner country—Country by 5-digit end-use code, annual totals, 2015–2024: Suitland, Maryland, U.S. Census Bureau. (Accessed September 24, 2025, at https://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/statistics/product/enduse/imports/….)