In 2024, Eritrea was not a globally significant producer of mineral commodities. Production of copper, gold, silver, and zinc represented only a minor part of the economy of Eritrea. Other mineral commodities produced in Eritrea included cement, clay, gypsum, lime, limestone, marble, pumice, salt, and sand and gravel. The legislative framework for the mineral sector in Eritrea is provided by Minerals Proclamation No. 68/1995, Mining Income Tax Proclamation No. 69/1995, Regulations on Mining Operations Legal Notice No. 19/1995, and Mining Law Proclamation No. 68/1995 Amendment Proclamation No. 165/2011. The petroleum sector was governed by Revised Petroleum Operations Proclamation No. 108/2000. The Ministry of Energy and Mines oversees the mineral sector of the country and provides licenses for the exploration and production of mineral commodities in the country. Most mineral commodities were produced by private or government-owned companies. (World Bank Group, undated; African Development Bank Group, 2025, p. 191–196).
Data on mineral production are in the Production table (formerly table 1). The Facilities table (formerly table 2) is a list of major mineral industry facilities. More-extensive coverage of Government policies and programs can be found in previous editions of this chapter in the U.S. Geological Survey Minerals Yearbook, volume III, Area Reports—International—Africa, which are available at https://www.usgs.gov/centers/national-minerals-information-center/afric…;
