In 2024, India was the world's first-ranked producer of barite (excluding the United States), accounting for 33% (estimated) of the world’s production; talc (steatite, including pyrophyllite) (21%, estimated); feldspar (19%, estimated); and kaolin (17%, estimated). The country was the second-ranked producer of bentonite (19%, estimated), fuller’s earth (16%, estimated), wollastonite (excluding the United States, 13%, estimated), cement (11%, estimated), nitrogen (ammonia) (10%), raw steel (8.0%), pig iron (7.0%), aluminum (5.8%, estimated), and lime (4.0%). The country was the third-ranked producer of salt (12%, estimated); fourth in production of iron ore (Fe content, 11%), zinc (7.3%, estimated), chromium (6.8%), and alumina (5.6%, estimated). The country was the fifth-ranked producer of bauxite (excluding the United States, 5.8%), manganese (3.9%), rutile (2.6%, estimated), garnet (2.0%, estimated), and rare earths (less than 1%, estimated). The country was the sixth-ranked producer of mica (3.7%, estimated), selenium (excluding the United States, 2.4%, estimated), bromine (excluding the United States, 1.6%, estimated), and titanium sponge (excluding the United States, less than 1%, estimated). The country was the seventh-ranked producer of lead (4.9%, estimated), industrial sand and gravel (2.7%, estimated), and graphite (1.1%). The country was the eight-ranked producer of sulfur (4.4%, estimated) and the ninth-ranked producer of ferrosilicon (excluding the United States, 1.3%, estimated).
The mining and quarrying sector accounted for 1.8% of gross value added in 2024, which decreased from 1.9% in 2023. The legislative framework for the mineral sector in India is provided by the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulations) Act, 1957 (MMDR) (most recently amended in 2023). The Indian Bureau of Mines, under the Indian Ministry of Mines, oversees the mineral industry.
