In 2024, Kazakhstan produced a diverse range of mineral commodities and was the 1st-ranked in world production of uranium; 3d in asbestos and chromite; 4th in barite (not including United States production) and titanium sponge (not including United States production); 5th in bismuth metal, magnesium metal (tied with Turkey), and ferrosilicon (not including United States production); 6th in cadmium metal; 7th in molybdenum, rhenium, and sulfur; 8th in mined gold and zinc; 10th in silver; 15th in selenium (not including United States production); and 16th in phosphate rock (tied with India). Other mineral commodities produced included antimony, beryllium metal, cement, clays, fluorspar, gypsum, lead, lime, manganese, nickel in concentrates, niobium metal, nitrogen (ammonia), salt, sand and gravel, and stone. The Government promoted development of the mineral industry and owned interests in a number of major mineral-commodity-producing companies.
In 2024, Kazakhstan’s mineral industry accounted for a 12.8% share of the country’s gross domestic product (GDP). The share of industrial production in the GDP was 27.8% compared with 28.9% in 2023. Mineral industry played a significant role in industrial production—\$48.8 billion, or 44.5% of the value of nominal industrial production.
The legislative framework for the mineral sector in Kazakhstan is provided by the Subsoil and Use of Subsoil Code (Mining Code, or Code) of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which went into effect at the end of June 2018. The Ministry of Industry and Construction regulates the chemical industry, government geologic studies of the subsoil, energy saving and efficiency improvements, industrial development, the production of precious metals and stones, the mining and metallurgical complexes, and is responsible for creating economic zones. The Committee of Geology, which is under the Ministry of Industry and Construction, is responsible for the regulation and implementation of activities related to geologic studies, the production of mineral resources, and the integration of subsoil use. The Committee of Atomic and Energy Supervision, which is under the Ministry of Energy, is responsible for the regulation of the nuclear industry.
