In 2024, Oman was the world’s third-ranked producer of gypsum, accounting for 8.6% of the world’s production. The country was 15th-ranked producer of nitrogen (ammonia) (tied with Algeria and Nigeria), accounting for 1.3% of the world’s production. Production of mineral commodities also included aluminum, cement, chromium, clays (kaolin and others), iron and steel, lead (refined, secondary), manganese, salt, sand and gravel (construction), sand and gravel (industrial), stone, and sulfur. The mining and quarrying sector contributed 0.5% to Oman’s gross domestic production in 2024. The country exported base metals and articles thereof to India, the Republic of Korea, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and the United States.
The legislative framework for the mining and quarrying sector in Oman is provided by the Mineral Wealth Law (Royal Decree No. 19/2019). The Ministry of Energy and Minerals oversees the mineral sector and provides services including conducting exploration studies and geologic surveys, identifying natural resources, and managing the country’s mineral policies. Most mineral commodities were produced by domestic and foreign companies. Oman exported 12.4 million metric tons (Mt) of gypsum in 2024 compared with 11.7 Mt in 2023. India was the main destination for Oman’s gypsum exports.
