Romania

In 2024, Romania was not a globally significant producer of mineral commodities. Production of mineral commodities contributed about 2.75% to Romania’s gross domestic product (GDP). Specifically, mining and quarrying contributed 1.01%; the manufacture of metals and metal products, 1.13%; and manufacture of nonmetallic mineral commodities, 0.61%. Mineral commodities produced in the country included aluminum, bentonite, cement, copper, gypsum, pig iron, lead, lime, manganese, nitrogen (ammonia), salt, sand and gravel, raw steel, steel products, stone, and sulfur. The legislative framework for the mineral sector in Romania is provided by the Mining Law, No. 85/2003, last amended on September 6, 2024, by Emergency Ordinance No. 107. In 2024, the Government also adopted Emergency Ordinance No. 77, which allows for the restart of nonenergy mining operations in line with the European Union’s Critical Raw Materials Act. The National Agency for Regulation in Mining, Petroleum and Geologic Storage of Carbon Dioxide is responsible, among other tasks, for issuing exploration and mining licenses. Mineral commodities were produced by private and state-owned companies.

2024 Report

Full data release with tables here.

In 2024, Romania was not a globally significant producer of mineral commodities. Production of mineral commodities contributed about 2.75% to Romania’s gross domestic product (GDP). Specifically, mining and quarrying contributed 1.01%; the manufacture of metals and metal products, 1.13%; and manufacture of nonmetallic mineral commodities, 0.61%. Mineral commodities produced in the country included aluminum, bentonite, cement, copper, gypsum, pig iron, lead, lime, manganese, nitrogen (ammonia), salt, sand and gravel, raw steel, steel products, stone, and sulfur. The legislative framework for the mineral sector in Romania is provided by the Mining Law, No. 85/2003, last amended on September 6, 2024, by Emergency Ordinance No. 107. In 2024, the Government also adopted Emergency Ordinance No. 77, which allows for the restart of nonenergy mining operations in line with the European Union’s Critical Raw Materials Act. The National Agency for Regulation in Mining, Petroleum and Geologic Storage of Carbon Dioxide is responsible, among other tasks, for issuing exploration and mining licenses. Mineral commodities were produced by private and state-owned companies (Government of Romania, 2024; Parliament of Romania, 2024; Eurostat, 2026a, b; Autoritatea Națională de Reglementare în Domeniul Minier, Petrolier și al Stocării Geologice a Dioxidului de Carbon, undated). 

Data on mineral production are in the Production table (formerly table 1). The Facilities table (formerly table 2) is a list of major mineral industry facilities. More-extensive coverage of Government policies and programs can be found in previous editions of this chapter in the U.S. Geological Survey Minerals Yearbook, volume III, Area Reports—International—Europe and Central Eurasia, which are available at https://www.usgs.gov/centers/national-minerals-information-center/europ…;

Production table

(Metric tons, gross weight, unless otherwise specified)

References Cited 

• Autoritatea Națională de Reglementare în Domeniul Minier, Petrolier și al Stocării Geologice a Dioxidului de Carbon [National Authority for Regulation in Mining, Petroleum and Geologic Storage of Carbon Dioxide], [undated], Atribuții [Tasks]: Bucharest, Romania, Autoritatea Națională de Reglementare  în Domeniul Minier, Petrolier și al Stocării Geologice a Dioxidului de Carbon. (Accessed January 16, 2026, at https://www.namr.ro/prezentare-anrm/atributii/.) [In Romanian.] 

• Eurostat, 2026a, Gross domestic product (GDP) and main components (output, expenditure and income): Luxembourg City, Luxembourg, Eurostat. (Accessed January 21, 2026, at https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10_gdp__custom_1975….) 

• Eurostat, 2026b, Gross value added and income by detailed industry (NACE Rev.2): Luxembourg City, Luxembourg, Eurostat. (Accessed January 21, 2026, at https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10_a64__custom_1975….) 

• Government of Romania, 2024, Ordonanță de urgență nr. 77 din 21 iunie 2024 privind modificarea și completarea Legii minelor nr. 85/2003 [Emergency ordinance no. 77 of June 21, 2024, regarding the amendment of the Mining Law no. 85/2003]: Bucharest, Romania, Government of Romania, June 21. (Accessed December 4, 2025, at https://legislatie.just.ro/Public/DetaliiDocument/284580.) [In Romanian.] 

• Parliament of Romania, 2024, Legea Minelor nr. 85 din 18 martie 2003 [Mining Law no. 85 of March 18, 2003]: Bucharest, Romania, Parliament of Romania, September 6. (Accessed January 16, 2026, at https://legislatie.just.ro/Public/DetaliiDocument/287329.) [In Romanian.]