Sudan

In 2024, Sudan was not a globally significant producer of mineral commodities, although it produced several mineral products of regional importance. Production of chromite, gold, crude and refined petroleum, and iron and steel semimanufactured products contributed to Sudan’s gross domestic product (GDP), with gold remaining the leading export mineral commodity by value. Other mineral commodities produced in Sudan included cement, feldspar, gypsum, kaolin, and salt (Production table; Facility table; Central Bank of Sudan, 2022, p. 19-20; 202, p. 12; International Monetary Fund, 2026; Sheaffer, 2026). 

The legislative framework for the mineral sector in Sudan is provided by the Mineral Wealth Development and Mining Act of 2015. The mineral sector is overseen by the Public Authority for Geological Resources (Geological Research Authority of Sudan, GRAS) and Sudanese Mineral Resources Co. Ltd. (SMRC), which provide geologic surveys, mapping, resource assessment, and oversight of mineral operations (World Bank, undated; Ministry of Minerals, 2020). Most mineral commodities were produced by a mix of Government-owned enterprises, joint ventures with foreign partners, and privately owned domestic and international mining companies. Gold production is mostly artisanal. Data on mineral production are in the Production Table (formerly table 1). The Facilities Table (formerly table 2) is a list of major mineral industry facilities. More-extensive coverage of Government policies and programs can be found in previous editions of this chapter in the U.S. Geological Survey Minerals Yearbook, volume III, Area Reports—International—Africa and the Middle East, available at https://www.usgs.gov/centers/national-minerals-information-center/afric…;

Production table

(Metric tons, gross weight, unless otherwise specified)

References Cited 

• Central Bank of Sudan, 2022, Economic & financial statistics review: Khartoum, Sudan, Central Bank of Sudan, issue 4/22, vol. 63, 49 p. (Accessed December 8, 2025, at https://cbos.gov.sd/sites/default/files/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%B6%….) 

• Central Bank of Sudan, 2024, Foreign trade statistical digest: January–December 2024: Khartoum, Sudan, Central Bank of Sudan, issue 1, vol. 60, 33 p. (Accessed October 27, 2025, at https://cbos.gov.sd/sites/default/files/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AC%….) 

• International Monetary Fund, 2026, Sudan: Washington, DC, International Monetary Fund. (Accessed January 21, 2026, at https://www.imf.org/en/Countries/SDN.) 

• Ministry of Minerals, 2020, [Public Authority for Geological Research—Information Center-Authority News]: Khartoum, Sudan, Ministry of Minerals. (Accessed October 15, 2025, at https://gras.gov.sd/blog-grid/.) [In Arabic.] 

• Sheaffer, K.N., 2026, Gold: U.S. Geological Survey Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026, p. 90–91. 

• World Bank Group, [undated], African mining legislation atlas —The Mineral Wealth and Mining (Development) Act of 2015: World Bank Group. (Accessed May 19, 2026, at https://www.a-mla.org/en/country/law/1314.)