In the Yakima and Naches Rivers, water temperature is often a limiting factor in the survival of salmon during spawning and rearing. The Bureau of Reclamation uses a computer model to assess the effects of reservoir-management scenarios on temperatures and the success of salmon restoration. To provide the daily maximum and long-term water temperature data needed by the model, the Bureau of Reclamation asked the USGS to simulate water temperatures for the main stems of the Yakima and Naches Rivers under various scenarios.
Development of Water-Temperature Models for Main-Stem Reaches of the Yakima and Naches Rivers, Washington
Problem - Studies have shown that water temperature is often a limiting factor in the survival of salmon during spawning and rearing on the main stems of the Yakima and Naches Rivers. In order to assess how various water-management scenarios might affect water temperature and other habitat characteristics, and ultimately the success of restoring salmonid populations, the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) is using the Ecosystem Diagnosis and Treatment (EDT) model as the decision tool to determine the potential for salmon restoration. The model requires daily maximum temperatures at many locations on the main stems for different reservoir-management scenarios, and these temperatures are currently not available. The main stems are well gaged, and existing watershed and reservoir-management models provide reasonable estimates of main-stem flows for different reservoir-management scenarios. However, little long-term water-temperature data is available on any of the many irrigation drains that can contribute significant amounts of water to the Yakima River.
Objective - The objective of the project is to provide simulated daily maximum water temperatures along the main stems of the Yakima and Naches Rivers during one irrigation season (April through October) for various scenarios of reservoir management. The irrigation season will be during a water year that represents a particular condition (wet, dry, or average year) to be determined by Reclamation. Because of time constraints and limited available data, a detailed simulation of water temperatures will focus on the main-stem reach of the Yakima River from Roza Dam to Prosser Dam (Roza-Prosser Reach). This reach has the most potential for positively manipulating the water temperature through water-management scenarios.
Relevance and Benefits - This investigation is consistent with the long-term program goal of the USGS to "provide and improve long-term environmental and natural resources information, systematic analyses and investigations, and predictive tools for scenario building and decision making about natural systems" (USGS Strategic Plan, 2000). It also supports the Yakima River Basin Water Storage Feasibility Study, which is conducted by Reclamation and represents the research priorities of a broad-based group of local, State, Federal, and tribal water-resources managers in the Yakima River Basin. The USGS is assisting Reclamation as a sister agency of the Department of the Interior. The results of the investigation will contribute to the scientific basis for ongoing management of the river ecosystem.
Approach - The study objective is met by conducting five tasks: (1) collect discharge, water-temperature, and related data along the Roza-Prosser Reach of the Yakima River; (2) select or develop methods for estimating water temperatures at outflows of selected reservoirs and throughout parts of main-stem reaches of the upper Yakima and lower Naches Rivers; (3) construct a process-based water-temperature model for the Roza-Prosser Reach; (4) analyze the potential temperature effects of different reservoir operations on the Roza-Prosser Reach and parts of main-stem reaches of the upper Yakima and lower Naches Rivers; and (5) document the study in a USGS Scientific Investigation Report.
Below are publications associated with this project.
Modeling Water Temperature in the Yakima River, Washington, from Roza Diversion Dam to Prosser Dam, 2005-06
Simulation of streamflow temperatures in the Yakima River basin, Washington, April-October 1981
Below are partners associated with this project.
- Overview
In the Yakima and Naches Rivers, water temperature is often a limiting factor in the survival of salmon during spawning and rearing. The Bureau of Reclamation uses a computer model to assess the effects of reservoir-management scenarios on temperatures and the success of salmon restoration. To provide the daily maximum and long-term water temperature data needed by the model, the Bureau of Reclamation asked the USGS to simulate water temperatures for the main stems of the Yakima and Naches Rivers under various scenarios.
Development of Water-Temperature Models for Main-Stem Reaches of the Yakima and Naches Rivers, Washington
Problem - Studies have shown that water temperature is often a limiting factor in the survival of salmon during spawning and rearing on the main stems of the Yakima and Naches Rivers. In order to assess how various water-management scenarios might affect water temperature and other habitat characteristics, and ultimately the success of restoring salmonid populations, the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) is using the Ecosystem Diagnosis and Treatment (EDT) model as the decision tool to determine the potential for salmon restoration. The model requires daily maximum temperatures at many locations on the main stems for different reservoir-management scenarios, and these temperatures are currently not available. The main stems are well gaged, and existing watershed and reservoir-management models provide reasonable estimates of main-stem flows for different reservoir-management scenarios. However, little long-term water-temperature data is available on any of the many irrigation drains that can contribute significant amounts of water to the Yakima River.
Objective - The objective of the project is to provide simulated daily maximum water temperatures along the main stems of the Yakima and Naches Rivers during one irrigation season (April through October) for various scenarios of reservoir management. The irrigation season will be during a water year that represents a particular condition (wet, dry, or average year) to be determined by Reclamation. Because of time constraints and limited available data, a detailed simulation of water temperatures will focus on the main-stem reach of the Yakima River from Roza Dam to Prosser Dam (Roza-Prosser Reach). This reach has the most potential for positively manipulating the water temperature through water-management scenarios.
Relevance and Benefits - This investigation is consistent with the long-term program goal of the USGS to "provide and improve long-term environmental and natural resources information, systematic analyses and investigations, and predictive tools for scenario building and decision making about natural systems" (USGS Strategic Plan, 2000). It also supports the Yakima River Basin Water Storage Feasibility Study, which is conducted by Reclamation and represents the research priorities of a broad-based group of local, State, Federal, and tribal water-resources managers in the Yakima River Basin. The USGS is assisting Reclamation as a sister agency of the Department of the Interior. The results of the investigation will contribute to the scientific basis for ongoing management of the river ecosystem.
Approach - The study objective is met by conducting five tasks: (1) collect discharge, water-temperature, and related data along the Roza-Prosser Reach of the Yakima River; (2) select or develop methods for estimating water temperatures at outflows of selected reservoirs and throughout parts of main-stem reaches of the upper Yakima and lower Naches Rivers; (3) construct a process-based water-temperature model for the Roza-Prosser Reach; (4) analyze the potential temperature effects of different reservoir operations on the Roza-Prosser Reach and parts of main-stem reaches of the upper Yakima and lower Naches Rivers; and (5) document the study in a USGS Scientific Investigation Report.
- Publications
Below are publications associated with this project.
Modeling Water Temperature in the Yakima River, Washington, from Roza Diversion Dam to Prosser Dam, 2005-06
A mechanistic water-temperature model was constructed by the U.S. Geological Survey for use by the Bureau of Reclamation for studying the effect of potential water management decisions on water temperature in the Yakima River between Roza and Prosser, Washington. Flow and water temperature data for model input were obtained from the Bureau of Reclamation Hydromet database and from measurements colSimulation of streamflow temperatures in the Yakima River basin, Washington, April-October 1981
The effects of storage, diversion, return flow, and meteorological variables on water temperature in the Yakima River, in Washington State, were simulated, and the changes in water temperature that could be expected under four alternative-management scenarios were examined for improvement in anadromous fish environment. A streamflow routing model and Lagrangian streamflow temperature model were us - Partners
Below are partners associated with this project.