Potential productivity and change estimates for eight grassland species to evaluate vulnerability to climate change in the southern Great Plains

This data set includes the relative production scenarios for eight (8) grass species based on linear models from Epstein, et al. (1998). We selected two indicator species for each community: shortgrass prairie: blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis; BOGR) and buffalo grass (Bouteloua dactyloides; BODA); mixedgrass prairie: sideoats grama (Bouteloua curtipendula; BOCU) and little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium; SCSC); tallgrass prairie: big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii; ANGE) and Indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutans; SONU); and semiarid grasslands: black grama (Bouteloua eriopoda; BOER) and tobosagrass (Pleuraphis mutica; PLMU). Soil texture (percent by weight) came from the Earth Systems Science Center (2008) which provided processed soils data from NRCS (gSSURGO), mean annual temperature (Celsius) and/or mean annual precipitation (millimeters) came from contemporary (1981 - 2010) estimates (Maurer et al. 2002) or a GCM. Global Climate Models (GCM) providing scenarios included: warmer-wetter scenario (CESM1-BGC, RCP4.5, Neale et al., 2010), warmer drier scenario (GISS-E2-R, RCP4.5, Schmidt, 2014), hotter-wetter scenario (Miroc-ESM, RCP8.5, Watanabe et al., 2011), and hotter-drier scenario (ACCESS 1-0, RCP8.5, Collier and Uhe, 2012). The results were binned into 7 classes based on breaks in the data and comparison with field observations. We used relative above-ground productivity models (Epstein et al., 1998) to evaluate the potential for change in productivity for each grassland community using mean annual precipitation and temperature for the contemporary climate (1981-2010) and the four climate scenarios (2016-2045), and the percent of sand, silt, and clay from the dominant soils component from the Natural Resource Conservation Service (Earth System Science Center, 2008). Climate change has been identified as a high-priority threat to grasslands by the Great Plains Landscape Conservation Cooperative (GPLCC) and as a priority change agent for grasslands in the Southern Great Plains Rapid Ecoregional Assessment by the Bureau of Land Management. The area of interest includes four level III ecoregions: the High Plains, Central Great Plains, Southwestern Tablelands, and the Nebraska Sand Hills. For each indicator species, we evaluated the potential change in relative productivity for each climate scenario compared to the contemporary climate. We used standard deviations to classify the differences between predicted productivity relative to the contemporary predicted productivity to evaluate whether the distributions of the indicator species were expected to remain stable, decrease, or expand for each scenario. Spatial data representing the estimated relative productivity of grassland species in the Southern Great Plains are provided as a 1-square kilometer gridded surface (raster datasets). This information will help to address priority management questions for grassland conservation in the GPLCC and Southern Great Plains regions and can be used to inform other regional-level land management decisions. Collier, Mark, and Uhe, Peter, 2012, CMIP5 datasets from the ACCESS1.0 and ACCESS1.3 coupled climate models: Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research Technical Report No. 059, 25 p. Earth System Science Center, 2008, Soil fraction data: College of Earth and Mineral Sciences at The Pennsylvania State University, accessed January 7, 2016, at http://www.soilinfo.psu.edu/index.cgi?soil_data&conus&data_cov&fract&da…. Epstein, H.E., Lauenroth, W.K., Burke, I.C., and Coffin, D.P., 1998, Regional productivities of plant species in the Great Plains of the United States: Plant Ecology, v. 134, p. 173-195. Maurer, E.P., Wood, A.W., Adam, J.C., Lettenmaier, D.P., and Nijssen, B., 2002, A long-term hydrologically-based data set of land surface fluxes and states for the conterminous United States: Journal of Climate, v. 15, no. 22, p. 3237-3251. Natural Resources Conservation Service [NRCS], Surface Soils Geographic Database [gSSURGO], United States Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service, at https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/gridded-soil-survey-geographic-gssurgo…. 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