Photo and Video Chronology - Kīlauea - January 4, 2002

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Sulfur-stained hornito at 2300-foot elevation along main tube from Pu`u `O`o, shown in the distance. A hornito is a steep-sided mound of spatter above a rootless vent, in this case a former skylight in a lava tube.

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Aerial view looking east across Pu`u `O`o. Kona wind blows thick gas plume north from main crater. West Gap pit also is choked with gas just west of main crater. Red is active rock slide at headwall of Puka Nui, a large, complex collapse area in central part of image. The individual pits have not been named, except for Lua Hou, the tiny pit giving off narrow gas plume near right edge of photo. Note the concentric cracks around the larger collapse features. Lava flows in this area cover older spatter and cinder from Pu`u `O`o, which is unstable and slowly spreading, developing pits in the overlying flows. Yellowish slope in middle of photo is part of Pu`u `O`o's cone that is falling apart.

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Close-up aerial view of the extreme complexity of the Puka Nui area.