Just like smog and fog, this EarthWord is not what you want to see while driving...
EarthWord–Vog
USGS EarthWord of the Week
EarthWords is an on-going series in which we shed some light on the complicated, often difficult-to-pronounce language of science. Think of us as your terminology tour-guides, and meet us back here every week for a new word!
The EarthWord: Vog
Definition:
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Vog refers to the visible haze comprised of gas, tiny particles and acidic droplets created when sulfur dioxide and other gases emitted from a volcano chemically interact with sunlight and atmospheric oxygen, moisture, and dust.
Etymology:
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Get ready, because this word’s pretty recursive. Vog is a contraction of volcanic smog, while smog is itself a pormanteau of smoke and fog.
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Smoke likely comes from the Proto-Germanic smuk, which referred to the fumes given off from something burning.
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Meanwhile fog comes from Scandinavian words for “snowstorm,” like the Danish fog and Norwegian fjuk.
Use/Significance in the Earth Science Community:
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Vog is one of the side-effects of volcanic activity that can have a negative effect on humans and other wildlife. While not as immediate a threat as pyroclastic flow or lava, it can still lead to health effects, like aggravating existing respiratory conditions.
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Physical complaints associated with vog exposure include headaches, breathing difficulties, increased susceptibility to respiratory ailments, watery eyes, sore throat, flu-like symptoms, and a general lack of energy.
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Tiny droplets of sulfuric acid in vog creates acid rain, which can leach lead from roofing and plumbing materials, such as nails, paint, solder, and metal flashings. Leached lead poses a health hazard when it contaminates drinking water in rooftop rainwater-catchment systems.
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Finally, vog can make it difficult to see while driving, piloting an airplane, or navigating a ship.
USGS Use:
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USGS scientists, along with health professionals and local government officials are working together to better understand volcanic air pollution and to enhance public awareness of this hazard.
Next EarthWord: This EarthWord isn’t a new dance-move; it’s been around since we’ve had tectonic plates...
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