Forest bird populations at the Big Island National Wildlife Refuge Complex, Hawai'i
January 1, 2023
Endemic Hawaiian forest birds have experienced dramatic population declines. The Big Island National Wildlife Refuge Complex (Refuge Complex) was established for the conservation of endangered forest birds and their habitats. Surveys have been conducted at two units of the Refuge Complex to monitor forest bird populations and their response to management actions. We analyzed survey data from 1987 to 2019 at the Hakalau Forest Unit (HFU) and from 1995 to 2019 at the Kona Forest Unit (KFU). We analyzed three strata at HFU: open-forest, closed-forest, and afforested-pasture, and two strata at KFU: upper (>1,524 m elevation) and lower (
Citation Information
| Publication Year | 2023 |
|---|---|
| Title | Forest bird populations at the Big Island National Wildlife Refuge Complex, Hawai'i |
| DOI | 10.3996/JFWM-22-035 |
| Authors | Steven J. Kendall, Rachel A. Rounds, Richard J. Camp, Ayesha Genz, Thomas Cady, Donna L. Ball |
| Publication Type | Article |
| Publication Subtype | Journal Article |
| Series Title | Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management |
| Index ID | 70253912 |
| Record Source | USGS Publications Warehouse |
| USGS Organization | Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center |