The relationship between parental age and reproductive effort in the California Gull (Larus californicus)

January 1, 1983

Reproductive effort was compared among California gulls ranging in age from 3 to 18 years old. Results indicated that reproductive effort increased with parental age. Older parents (11–18 years old) invested more in foraging effort and in defense of offspring than did younger parents (

Publication Year	1983
Title	The relationship between parental age and reproductive effort in the California Gull (Larus californicus)
DOI	10.1007/BF00299919
Authors	Bruce H. Pugesek
Publication Type	Article
Publication Subtype	Journal Article
Series Title	Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology
Index ID	1008657
Record Source	USGS Publications Warehouse
USGS Organization	Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center

The relationship between parental age and reproductive effort in the California Gull (Larus californicus)

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