Sediment deposition in the Late Holocene abyssal Black Sea with climatic and chronological implications

The temporal sedimentary patterns in the Late Holocene central eastern and western Black Sea are very similar. The sedimentary history was most visibly affected by the coccolithophorid species Emiliania huxleyi which briefly invaded the Black Sea for the first time (“First Invasion Period”), nearly disappeared again shortly afterwards (“Transition Sapropel”), but returned permanently several centuries later (“Final Invasion Period”). The temporary near-disappearance of E. huxleyi was probably caused by a temporary drop in salinity. Accumulation of E. huxleyi was on average about 40% higher in the western than in the eastern Black Sea. Highest coccolithophorid production occurred basin-wide during part of the Little Ice Age. The accumulation of terrigenous matter was generally higher in the eastern than in the western Black Sea by about 20%.